Investigated developmental patterns of cognitive performance over first 3 years of life in sample of 762 low birthweight premature children. Intelligence test scores were obtained at 12, 24, and 36 months adjusted age. Five developmental patterns were identified. Results reveal patterns of cognitive development can be discriminated by three…

A study of 417 pediatric residents found more men than women had children during residencies. More married women than men without children felt it would have a negative effect on careers and saw difficulties with child care. Residents having children during residencies did not differ significantly by sex on these issues. (Author/MSE)

This discussion of findings from the State Parental Leave Study of the Families and Work Institute identifies major issues in the debate over legislated parental leave. The effects of passage of state parental leave laws in Minnesota, Oregon, Rhode Island, and Wisconsin on employees who are parents, employers, and federal legislation are also…

Outlines the importance of enrollment projections for informed decision making in educational organizations. Discusses births, migration, and holding power as the three major factors that affect school populations. Describes in detail the cohort survival ratio technique, presents a sample calculation, and mentions alternative methods. (11…

Compared low-birthweight infants who participated in an intervention involving educational and family support services during the first three years of life with low-birthweight infants who received pediatric follow-up. Intervention group infants scored higher on cognitive tests and lower on measures of behavior problems at 24 and 36 months than…

Examines risk factors for childhood homicides using data for Ohio-born children less than eight years of age killed between 1979 and 1986. Among the factors increasing risks were low birthweight, being Black, and having a mother who was teenage, unwed, or not a high school graduate. Other supports in the child's environment may reduce these risks.…

Birth weight above and below 2,500 grams was compared with intellectual performance and school achievement at ages 10 and 13 for 874 students in a Swedish community. Results indicated that low birth weight girls, but not low birth weight boys, suffered in their school performance. (Author/JDD)

Used data from 1987-88 National Survey of Families to describe components of nonresident fathers' involvement and participation in childrearing decisions. Data suggest stability in definition of father role after separation when family characteristics were controlled. For most children born outside of marriage or whose parents divorced, father…

Reviews trends in Black male unemployment, out-of-wedlock births, and the number of Aid to Families with Dependent Children cases over the past 25 years. Argues that family breakdown is creating a state of urban social chaos that could lead to martial law. (FMW)

Analyzes the incidence of low birth weight in New York City using monthly time-series statistical data from 1968 through 1988. Finds that a downward trend before 1984 for both Blacks and Whites has reversed, with 3,110 additional low birth weight births to Blacks and 1,385 additional low birth weight births to Whites over the numbers expected.…

Compares the birth weight distributions of Black and White infants in South Carolina for the paired-year periods 1975-76 and 1985-86. Finds no changes in birth weight between the two periods among Black infants, but the White infants reflected an overall improvement. (FMW)

Investigates the characteristics of the intrafamily environment that change the intellectual environment of the children and interact with the factor of birth order. Concludes that the effect of birth order is linked: (1) with the gender configuration of sibling relationships; and (2) with various cognitive and personal characteristics of the…

Analyzed 32 outcome studies on the primary prevention of adolescent pregnancy and examined several moderator variables in relationship to the findings. Results indicate that certain pregnancy prevention programs had no effect on adolescents' sexual activity. Found sufficient evidence to support the efficacy of pregnancy prevention programs for…

Examines school performance and behavior of children with low birthweights (less than 2500 grams), compared with a group of normal-birthweight children, using 1988 Health Interview Survey data and controlling for family socioeconomic characteristics. Low-birthweight children are more likely to repeat a grade and attend special-education classes,…

Evaluation of nutrition instruction provided to 366 pregnant Native American and Caucasian teens by paraprofessionals determined that it effectively improved their dietary intake, maternal weight gain, and infant birth weight. Further modifications for Native Americans were suggested. (SK)