National data for respondents over age 65 revealed although women were less likely to be living with spouse, living arrangements of unmarried women and men were similar. Women lived closer to children, received more telephone calls, had marginally more contact, but did not receive more mail than men. Explained women's receipt of more informal…

For four studies, which provide modest support for the view that depression and stereotypes of certain classes of women are similar, overlapping categories are presented. Implications of these studies for the gender role hypothesis of depression are discussed, along with suggestions for future research. (Author/BJV)

Explores the remarkable shift in marriage and divorce practices that has occurred in the last third of this century in the United States. Information is presented on trends in this country and other industrialized nations, and some reasons for these changes are explored. (SLD)

Multivariate hazards regression analysis of data from the 1979-85 National Longitudinal Mortality Study provided mixed results concerning the social integration hypothesis of suicide. Among white males, divorced or separated men and those living alone had significantly higher risks of suicide mortality, but single and widowed men did not have…

Examined impact of maternal employment, marital status, and perceived maternal stress on children's adjustment and mother-preschool child interaction in 104 married and 99 divorced families. Results indicated that maternal employment had little impact on these variables. Maternal stress, in form of divorce and daily maternal hassles, demonstrated…

Examines the effects of family type on high school graduation using data from the 1979-85 waves of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth. Results show that (1) not living with both parents at age 14 has negative consequences for children's high school graduation, and (2) disruptions (changes in family structure) between ages 14 and 17 also…

Reactions to 4 versions of a vignette describing a successful manager were obtained from 233 management students, including 50 executives in an extension course. Career success was perceived as a major cause of personal failure. The personal price paid by successful people was perceived differently depending on gender and marital status. (SK)

Study of how 94 men and 63 women perceived and coped with job loss found no significant differences in psychological and behavioral distress. However, men relied more on problem-focused activities such as job search, whereas women relied more on symptom-focused activities such as seeking social support. Marital status affected coping behavior and…

Analysis of data from 138 women, infants, children participants who completed Child Abuse Potential Inventory showed mothers with higher educational attainment appeared less likely to be abusive regardless of such factors as low income, single parenthood, or large family size. Mothers who did not complete high school were at greater risk for…

Surveyed elderly persons (n=150) in Zimbabwe to determine elderly support and intergenerational transfer by gender, marital status, and place of residence. Found respondents received considerable support from their children, because 45 percent received cash support and 61 percent received noncash support in the prior year. (ABL)

A total of 188 usable responses from 227 home economics teacher educators identified variables that raise job satisfaction (age, salary, program location in home economics department/college) and lower it (higher degree, never married, teaching load, institution with high enrollment). Overall, teacher educators had high job satisfaction. (SK)

Examined possible antecedents of premarital and marital conceptions early in lives of young women (n=5,167) and men (n=5,585). Found that significant antecedents of premarital conception for both sexes were low socioeconomic status; low adolescent social adjustment; and family environment characterized by parent-child arguing, parental divorce or…

Based on interviews with widows and wives, examined effects of marital status on older women's help to kin and friends. Although married women provided more help to kin than did widows, most differences could be explained in terms of greater material resources marriage provided. Widows spent more time and gave more practical help to friends than…

Latinas are nearly three times more likely to acquire AIDS than other women in the U.S. Structural equation models were used to test predictor and mediator variables, sex-related outcomes, and behavior. Interview data were used. Acculturation, age, and marriage were associated with risks. Theoretical models and strategies are needed. (Author/EMK)

Using national longitudinal survey data, employs current duration-analysis techniques to examine the first teaching spell for a sample of teachers. Estimates of a proportional hazard model indicate that the length of a teacher's first spell is more responsive to wages than improved teaching conditions. Marriage and fertility variables are also…