Research has found that elderly widows are alienated, disengaged, and depressed. However, there is little consensus across theories as to the inter-relationship of these variables. The social interactionist theory that disengagement leads to chronic depression and alienation was tested for a group of widows (N=32) and married women (N=28) over the…

A common assumption, reflective of data obtained from older males, often in institutional or outpatient settings, is that being old and alone is a severely negative condition. A sample of 300 older men and women in community settings provides an alternative perspective. For a number of daily living activities as well as personal and interpersonal…

Findings that job applicants who are married and childless are evaluated more favorably than applicants who are single and have a child have serious implications for the growing number of single female heads of households. This study examines how evaluations of competence are affected by marital and parental status when males and females apply for…

Marriage, childbearing, and employment patterns of women initially surveyed during their entrance to college in 1961 and subsequently surveyed in 1965, 1971, and 1974-5 were investigated. Subjects were questioned on marital status, number and timing of children in the family, employment patterns and shifts, job search patterns, preferred housework…

The lack of attention to the student marriage relationship and its impact is documented and guidelines for an outreach program involving married students are presented. Objectives of such a program include: (1) to study student marriages and define more clearly the psychological variables that constitute a growing, healthy marriage, and (2) to…

This article presents a description of the authors' experiences in a university counseling center with therapy groups for individuals who had undergone male-female partnership failure. The impact separation and divorce have on individuals, resulting adjustment stages, and corresponding group goals are highlighted. Common concerns and feelings…

The sex-role attitudes of 910 once-married females, aged 40-44, were examined to ascertain their support for traditional as opposed to modern sex-role orientations. In addition, 5 variables (education, employment status, residence, age at marriage, and number of children) hypothesized to influence these attitudes were tested by analysis of…

To followup an earlier study of the relative importance of age, education, and marital status as variables influencing female participation in the labor force, this research attempts to measure the relative importance of similar factors in determining whether or not a woman works or wishes to work. Particular emphasis was given to such…

The present practice of surnaming, by which the wife takes on the name of her husband and the children take on the name of the father, favors one of the sexes over the other. In this paper, the egalitarian surnaming system (ESS) is proposed. This system deals equally with the sexes and also serves important social functions, such as providing a…

The professional role orientation of women teachers and women administrators is compared with a limited number of variables. (Available from the Department of Educational Administration, The University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada T6G 2G5; $4.00 annually.) (MLF)

Implicit in much theoretical literature on marital relations in dual-career families is the hypothesis that marital stress and dissatisfaction would be attendant if working wives were higher in occupational prestige than their husbands. Two sources of the hypothesis are reviewed; no support is found for the hypothesis. (Author)

Based on data collected to measure work values and perceptions of problems by married women, aged twenty to thirty-four, in the dual role of homemaker and clerical employee, the author presents findings from analyses of the relationships among work values, demographic and biographical variables, and problem perceptions. (MF)

Investigating black-white differences in job shifts, this analysis is based on panel data and examination of the following: whether a person intended to quit; whether he actually quit his job; and whether he was involuntarily dismissed. Variables examined include: job income, education level, age, marital status, and job holder's number of…

Aspects of American society conducive to separation, sources of strain between partners, beliefs and norms about marital permanence, and evidence as to dissolution precipitating events are examined in the light of the papers in this issue, employing the four factor Kanter model. (Author/AM)