Analyzes and classifies types of oral reading miscues and suggests that children learn to utilize sound-letter correspondences but know immediately to transfer their knowledge of spoken language patterns to reading. Tables and bibliography. (RW)

Describes and lists currently available software useful in social studies classes. Such software (including spreadsheets, databases, survey questionnaires) helps students apply quantitative methods and information-handling skills that are currently used in solving complex real-world problems. (JN)

Using the U.S. Bureau of the Census's National Travel Survey as the primary data source, the exercises described will help high school or college level students develop basic geographic skills, including data interpretation, map construction, and spatial analysis. They will also familiarize students with broad patterns of recreation travel. (RM)

Herbert Simon (Nobel prize-winning economist/professor) expresses his views on human and artificial intelligence, problem solving, inventing concepts, and the future. Includes comments on expert systems, state of the art in artificial intelligence, robotics, and "Bacon," a computer program that finds scientific laws hidden in raw data.…

Discusses ways computers are being used in condensed-matter physics by experimenters and theorists. Experimenters use them to control experiments and to gather and analyze data. Theorists use them for detailed predictions based on realistic models and for studies on systems not realizable in practice. (JN)

Analyzes data from 4,313 Wisconsin Central Registry of Child Abuse reports (1973-1978) to determine that initial social worker investigations of child abuse contain weak predictors on the probability of a subsequent incident and that the prediction may be different in metropolitan and nonmetropolitan environments. (Author/LC)

Suggested activities for data collection and manipulation in the middle/junior high school are provided. The activities also help students to learn other process skills such as constructing graphs, describing relationships between variables, and analyzing their investigations. (JN)

Operationalizes a psychological theory of productivity with data from a large sample of 13-year-old students administered eight items concerning voluntary science activities in the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP). Discusses validity of model of the productivity theory and usefulness of secondary analyses of NAEP data. (Author/JN)

The popular view of a permanent Black underclass falling farther behind an expanding Black middle class is disputed by empirical evidence that the underclass is experiencing upward mobility. The discrepancy stems from social scientists' overreliance on cross-sectional data rather than longitudinal data in analyzing economic change among Blacks.…

Argues that secondary analysis of existing data sets provides an important opportunity for science education researchers. Reviews basic arguments for secondary analysis (quality, cost, scientific merit of multiple analyses of a common data set), discusses new forces fostering these analyses, and provides three examples of secondary analysis…

Suggests how data from the Ginzberg-Yohalem Survey of Educated Women might be analyzed to address the Ginzberg-Yohalem Survey of (1) person-situation interaction; (2) attitudes and behavior; (3) attribution theory; (4) helping behavior; and (5) social motivation. (Author/GC)

Describes multidimensional scaling and cluster analysis and the type of problems they can help solve. Cites major literature sources concerning their use. Reviews applications of these methods in rehabilitation research. Discusses possible advantages of nonmetric data-reduction techniques over metric approaches, such as factor analysis. (Author)

Six areas of staff development program evaluation in which participants may be meaningfully involved are: (1) clarification of the program's goals; (2) development of a design for the evaluation study; (3) development of methods for measurement; (4) analysis of information; (5) response to evaluation instruments; and (6) reporting on an evaluation…

Analysis of U.S. census data provides evidence that decreased labor force participation of older people, 1980 to 1970, was due to the disproportionate growth in numbers of persons aged 65 or older and the growing economic dominance of industries that provide relatively few opportunities for older people's participation. (Author)