The privileging of academic English in research bypasses important issues regarding multilingualism in doctoral education. In Australia, the current monolingual research paradigm limits the scope and nature of the research evidence that informs policymaking, neglecting the experiences, contributions and needs of the First Nations and migrant communities. This paper reviews the existing rationales for engaging with issues of multilingualism in doctoral education. We then expand the current debates about multilingual doctoral education praxis by foregrounding the multilingual research needs of Australia's First Nations and migrant communities and doctoral researchers. Building on theoretical development in the areas of linguistic landscapes and language ontologies, in this paper we contribute two new concepts, "community linguascapes" and "epistemic linguascapes." We argue that critical to redressing the research gap in Australia is a multilingual doctoral education system which accounts for and reflects on the role of languages and multilingualism across the design and practices of doctoral education programmes.