The Daviess County, Kentucky, PREPS research project focused on evaluating the county's 1979 summer school program. This program invited children to attend if they were functioning at least one year below their grade placement level. Learning activities were structured around specific behavioral objectives; the emphasis was on reading and…

The purpose of this paper was to determine the effects of calculators in mathematics classes and to assess proposed curriculum revisions related to calculators. Twenty-six calculator studies and other selected sources were reviewed and annotated. Major conclusions of the study include: (1) calculator use has produced significant gains in…

Many telephone and video homework hotlines have sprung up during the 1980s, partly due to the educational reform movement. This study, which examined junior high student and teacher attitudes toward homework and an experimental homework hotline in Iowa, provides empirical data for other interested school districts. Includes four tables. (MLH)

Suggests a between-grade-level experimental approach to investigating the effect of schooling on academic achievement. Presents a rationale for the approach and demonstrates it by estimating the effect of schooling on achievement in mathematics and reading comprehension of second graders. (RB)

Exploratory study aimed to investigate elements of geometrical concepts that children learn through Logo programing. A test designed to assess three components of length and angle was administered to 84 children who had learned Logo for one year and 92 who had not. Data indicated a positive effect of Logo work on some items, but not all.…

Definitions of computer science and computer literacy are discussed, with their implications for college instruction and job skills. Mathematics as a necessary condition for success in both is noted. (MNS)

The results of this study suggest that, as girls seem to be more receptive to learning at an earlier age, they should start in second or third grade with math enrichment over and above the regular math class. This early intervention might help decrease the inequities that occur later in schooling. (Author/RDN)

Results indicated subjects decreased their ratings of self-efficacy and interest as a result of the failure experience and the same ratings increased as a result of the success experience. Women rated themselves lower than men and rated luck as the cause of their successful performance. (Author/BL)

Investigated the ability of mathematics anxiety to predict grades in an algebra course for 112 college women and 72 men. The results showed that math anxiety had little to do with course grades, was more strongly related to general anxiety in men than in women. (Author/JAC)

Research with preadolescent hearing-impaired children has found that the quality of specific family behaviors and interactions is associated with increased achievement in reading and mathematics. Recommendations are made for parents and practitioners regarding home/school interaction, attitude clarification, and use of the teacher as model.…

Children possessing extremely high levels of mathematical or verbal ability tend, many times more than normal ability children, to be left-handed (2 times), nearsighted (4 times), and suffering from allergies (2 times). Studies at Johns Hopkins University indicate 80 percent of "precocious" 12-13 year olds have at least one of these…

Seeking an explanation for the increased number of students requiring college remedial math courses, the authors surveyed the mathematics backgrounds and college math placements of entering students at a large university. Researchers concluded that students need better awareness of math requirements and that math must be taught as a lifelong…

The article discusses the arithmetic achievement deficits of learning disabled students, cites research on cognitive factors involved, reviews the neurological evidence, and describes orientations focusing on cognitive psychology and the instructional context. Recent findings of an arithmetic task force from Columbia University are summarized. (CL)

Research on homework in mathematics is briefly reviewed, with the conclusion that homework may be useful since it may increase achievement but won't decrease it. Specific suggestion for planning homework are included. (MNS)

Compared test results for new adult freshmen (N=73) with those of younger freshmen under age 25 (N=738). Among results reported are those indicating that neither group is "mathematically literate" and that, although adults may be at an initial disadvantage, the gap between their skills and their counterparts does not appear…