Reviews the historical transitions leading to a fourth generation of distance education, including a paradigm shift with the use of the Internet; presents instructional design models; and develops a hybrid model that integrates constructivist and objectivist approaches and takes into account both learning and design principles. (Author/LRW)

Describes the R2D2 (Reflective, Recursive Design and Development) model of constructivist instructional design. Highlights include participatory teams; progressive problem solution; phronesis, or contextual understanding; dissemination, including summative evaluation; and a new paradigm that shifts from the industrial age to the information age.…

A customer-focused workshop for manufacturing strategic planning used a market-oriented approach and an interactive collaborative process among stakeholders. Reflective learning was found to enhance strategic planning; organizational culture must support strategic thinking. (SK)

A study examined the effects of curriculum compacting on the achievement test scores of a national sample of 336 high ability students (grades 2-6). Results indicated achievement tests scores of students whose curriculum was compacted did not differ significantly from students whose curriculum was not compacted. (Author/CR)

Describes ID Expert, an intelligent computer-based multimedia interactive instructional development and delivery system. Topics include instructional transactions with built-in instructional design; knowledge bases and knowledge representation; automated instructional design; and similarities to GTE (Generic Tutoring Environment). (Author/LRW)

Describes an integrated instructional design approach that addresses cognitive, attitudinal, and behavioral aspects of learning and is based on three theoretical frameworks: instructional systems design, social learning theory, and the stages of change framework provided in the Transtheoretical Model of Change. (LRW)

Presents ideas regarding instructional design project management for performance technologists that are likely to increase client satisfaction. Topics include a project kickoff summary; maintaining communication, including submitting reports, talking to the client, addressing problems quickly, and follow-up; and closing the project effectively.…

Discusses the affective domain and its relationship to instructional systems design. Topics include social problems rooted in the affective domain of behavior, the cognitive versus the affective domain, emotions, emotions and information processing, specifying learning outcomes in the affective domain, and targets of instructional analysis.…

Suggests that arts education can be used as a curriculum model for the integration of the cognitive and affective domains. Highlights include aesthetics, an interdisciplinary approach, instructional methods in art, transfer to other disciplines, and implications for instructional design. (LRW)

Design of an online learning community for battered women was based on critical feminist pedagogy and intended to help women use technology in active, safe, and empowering ways. Design challenges involved reflecting women's learning needs and objectives and avoiding perpetuation of inequities. (Contains 48 references.) (SK)

Article identifies contextual teaching and learning as an important pedagogical tool that can be applied to counselor education, and argues that it provides a theoretical rationale for many teaching and learning interventions. Describes contextual teaching and learning and applies its five major components to counselor education. (Contains 53…

Discusses instructional design models and examines rapid prototyping, a model that combines computer design strategies, constructivist learning theory, and cognitive psychology. Highlights include limitations of linear models; instructional problems appropriate and those not appropriate for rapid prototyping; and rapid prototyping as a paradigm…

Analyzes Web-based instructional design practices as to how they may influence the student experience and suggests guidelines for achieving optimal learning effectiveness. Evaluates barriers to successful Web teaching and credibility of resources on the Web that negatively impact student ability to achieve learning goals. (Author/LRW)

Discusses online technologies and distance education and suggests that combining distributed learning and a technology-first approach for instructional design could produce a new framework that would begin with the nature of the technology as its central assumption. Describes the present framework of the virtual classroom and considers the nature…

Introduces concepts underlying the conversational science model of self-organized learning, and explains how it can influence the systems-thinking design of tools and educational procedures. Outlines person-based learning and comparative-learning models and discusses the context of person-based learning theory, the conversational learning model,…