This paper discusses, in general terms, when the use of computer based instructional simulation (CBIS) is appropriate, and offers suggestions on constructing an effective instructional simulation, placing a particular emphasis upon documentation. Two examples of simulation are given with descriptions of useful methods for evaluating CBIS.…

An examination of task analysis from several perspectives in order to identify some of its purposes and advantages reveals that, as the interest in learning theory has shifted from a predominately behavioral perspective to a more cognitive orientation, the purpose of task analysis has also shifted. Formerly the purpose of task analysis was to aid…

The Structural Strategy Diagnostic Profile Project developed the elaboration model of instruction as a superior alternative to standard instructional sequencing based on hierarchical task analysis. The theory construction phase, the first of two phases, identified the instructional variables, postulated cause-effect relationships, and proposed…

This project summary explains the development of the elaboration model of instruction, an alternative approach to standard instructional sequencing. There were two phases to the project--the theory construction phase, which identifies the instructional variables, postulates cause-effect relationships, and proposes optimal configurations of…

The author discusses the benefits of using individualized instructional methods in physical education and describes the various components of the method. General rationale for the implementation of individualized instruction is that subject matter taught is frequently dependent upon the processes provided for learning--if learning does not take…

Measurement in learning and instruction is discussed here in the light of instructional design requirements and specific models or systems of instruction. Three general classes of instructional models found in current educational practice are presented. One particular model of instruction--for adapting instruction to individual differences--is…

The goals of Project PLAN (Program for Learning in Accordance with Needs) are: (1) to identify and define the needs of young people between the ages six and 18, and (2) to develop procedures to enable these people to acquire identified and defined knowledge, attitudes, skills and appreciations. Also included are the specific goals of the school…

A cybernetic subcomponent is proposed which can gather the necessary information and make the operating decisions to allow one system of instruction (M.D. Merrill's) to respond to and provide for differential needs within the individual learner. (Merrill's system divides the universe of instructional objectives into a taxonomy of seven categories,…

The designer of instructional materials makes many decisions that are probably based on evidence that is unreliable. More reliable evidence, based on perceptual and media research, has not been available to him in his own language. In this project a search of perceptual literature since 1960, and a search of media studies at the ERIC Clearinghouse…

This paper, using the concept of method as a unit of analysis, constructs an analog model for analysis of small units or entire programs in the classroom instruction situation (CIS). The author formulates a series of conceptualizations, translated into diagrams, of the CIS based on viewing teaching and learning as (a) cases of intellect activity…