An "Early National Estimates" survey of higher education, part of the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, is reported. Estimates from the survey indicate the following: fall 1988 enrollments in colleges and universities increased almost 2.5% over fall 1987; overall, degree awards remained fairly stable in academic year 1988,…

A study of illiteracy in Melanesia (Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Vanatu, New Caledonia, and Fiji) brings together current statistics and projections on illiteracy and schooling and interprets them in light of sociocultural and sociolinguistic factors. An introductory section describes Melanesia's sociolinguistic background and linguistic…

A study compared the performances of adults who were learning to read with those of two groups of preliterate and second-grade children on selected cognitive tasks and on the display of certain metacognitive understandings. It was hypothesized that if the adults (who could not successfully read a passage from a fourth-grade reader) did as well as…

This paper, based on information concerning the current status of vocational guidance in various countries, describes the main trends in its development in the context of the democratization of education. The experiences of the following countries are reviewed: Austria, Czechoslovak Socialist Republic, Federal Republic of Germany, France, German…

A study examined the production of lateral consonants in seven male university students bilingual in Spanish and Catalan who had studied French in elementary and secondary school. A questionnaire elicited information about the subjects' use of each language with parents, with friends, at home, and in school. Each subject then read a 775-word text…

While research on the composing process has revealed great variation among writers and among types of writers, research has largely ignored fluctuation in the writing behaviors of a single writer. A study contrasted both texts and behaviors of six graduate and undergraduate students of English as a Second Language (ESL) as they wrote a practice…

This report on the implementation of computer technology in Toronto elementary and secondary schools was based on an analysis of current implementation compared to what had been envisioned for the system in 1985. The following impediments to implementation were noted: (1) financial constraints due to a lack of provincial operating funds; (2)…

In 1990 a comparative analysis was conducted of North Dakota student achievement across three forms of distance education: instruction by satellite, audiographic tele-learning, and two way interactive educational television. Based in part on the 1988 study of a German by Satellite program in Missouri and North Dakota, this study mailed…

A study was conducted at William Rainey Harper College (WRHC) to develop a profile of fall 1989 students, compare student and community demographic data, and analyze the percentage of community sub-groups served by the college. A random sample of 500 degree credit students (DCS's) and 300 non-degree credit students (NCS's) were surveyed,…

State and county estimates of basic statistics relevant to educational planning in South Carolina are presented. The report includes actual and projected counts for grades 9 and 12, as well as actual and projected counts of first grade membership, high school graduates, and graduates who enter a college degree program. Enrollment figures have been…

Based in the belief that many preschool programs have an orientation toward a developmental philosophy yet are not developmentally appropriate in program practices, this discussion contrasts developmentally and psychometrically oriented approaches, reviews literature on program design and children's needs, and provides guidelines in the areas of…

A discussion of bilingualism and second language learning distinguishes three types of bilingualism, namely, compound, coordinate, and sub-coordinate. A compound bilingual is an individual who learns two languages in the same environment so that he/she acquires one notion with two verbal expressions. A coordinate bilingual acquires the two…

A guide to teaching a course on the history of the nations of the Western Hemisphere is presented. The Western Hemisphere is one of the regions offered in the International Baccalaureate examination category of history; the International Baccalaureate is offered by the United Nations International School. The guide is divided into five sections:…

This study employed the authors' previously developed Statements about Schools Inventory (SAS) to assess how well 14 alternative and 11 conventional high schools were meeting the needs of their students. Pairs of alternative and conventional schools studied were located in 11 communities in 10 states. Results of both student and teacher responses…

Focusing on the effects of three interventions on students' reading and writing of persuasive discourse, a study investigated (1) whether the writing of persuasive discourse can be improved by instruction, and (2) the effect of reading on writing and of writing on reading within the persuasive mode. Subjects, 100 Canadian sixth graders stratified…