It has been demonstrated that instructions to learn have no effect on immediate recall in the incidental learning paradigm used by Jenkins (1974). This research further investigated this finding by factorially manipulating recall instructions (incidental vs. intentional learning), presentation rate of materials, retention interval, and type of…

Two experiments investigated the relationship between social influence and the number of persons attempting influence. Findings suggest that the manner in which persons are initially organized into groups and aggregates of individuals affects their persuasive impact on observers. (Editor/RK)

Three experiments investigated the influence of positive and negative affect manipulations on children's preferences for small immediate versus large delayed rewards. (Editor)

Describes an experiment that tested the effects of a vertical versus a horizontal arrangement of brief structured text entries on know-item search time. The results discussed include the effects of the searcher's age and entry arrangement on search times, and subjects' judgments on the ease of use of the entry arrangements. (Author/CLB)

Tests several hypotheses derived from the Guttentag-Secord theory which relates societal-level sex ratios to women's status and roles. Finds that the effects of sex ratio on women's roles are more pronounced in developed countries but that correlations between sex ratio and certain dimensions of women's roles provide little support for the theory.…

For the conditions investigated in the study, the parametric ANCOVA was typically the procedure of choice both as a test of equality of conditional means and as a test of equality of conditional distributions. (Author/LMO)

Five experiments were performed to determine whether different amounts of attention were demanded of readers under the following conditions: (1) during the reading of relevant segments of text prefaced by questions; (2) by questions following relevant segments of text; and (3) during the reading of prefatory questions. (LMO)

Khuri's and Satterthwaite's methods of obtaining confidence intervals of variance components are compared. The article discusses that Khuri's method may be applied to obtain confidence intervals for the variance components and other linear functions of the expected mean squares used in generalizability theory. (Author/JAZ)

A method is suggested to incorporate instruction in the concept and the application of power considerations into an applied statistics course. This is based on designing one table usable for a wide range of the type of statistical tests usually introduced in such a course. (Author)

Advantages and disadvantages of three analytic methods are discussed. A hypothetical data set is employed to make the discussion complete. It is suggested that commonality analysis can be usefully employed in research studies in education, particularly when aptitute-treatment interaction studies are involved. (Author/LMO)

The authors hypothesize that a means-end strategy places a load on cognitive processing capacity which retards knowledge acquisition. Three experiments using trigonometry problems with high school students were conducted in which the problem goal was modified to disrupt strategy used by novices. Results supported the authors' hypothesis.…

This paper explains how to combine probabilities from discrete distributions, such as probability distributions for nonparametric tests. (Author/BW)

Nine experiments were conducted to test the hypothesis that short-term memory and information processing share a common pool of scarce resources. (LMO)

Six hundred twenty-six subjects from the University of Arizona participated in an investigation designed to examine congruence of a math domain hierarchy validated psychometrically and validated instructionally. Three studies revealed congruence between hierarchies validated psychometrically and instructionally. Generalization and transfer were…

Graduate students individually examined 34 photographs for an investigation of commonly perceived underlying visual dimensions. Similarity judgements between photographs were used for multidimensional scaling; subject interview data were used to describe meaningful visual concepts. Results indicate that pictures were grouped in clusters along…