Utilizing a datafile compiled by Gene Summers from various censuses of governments publications, the following hypotheses were tested: (1) a relationship exists between county government revenue and the level of manufacturing, the size of the population in the county, and the median family income; and (2) a change in the former is due to changes…

A theory of Socratic tutoring was developed in the form of pattern-action rules for a computer program. The rules were derived from analyses of a variety of tutorial dialogs. The 23 rules were designed to formalize causal knowledge and reasoning, and they included such abilities as forming hypotheses, distinguishing between necessary and…

Stability of Type I error rates and power are investigated for three forms of the Box test and two forms of the jackknife test with equal and unequal sample sizes under conditions of normality and nonnormality. The Box test is shown to be robust to violations of the assumption of normality when sampling is from leptokurtic populations. The…

Faced with a nonstandard, complicated practical problem in statistical inference, the applied statistician sometimes must use asymptotic approximations in order to compute standard errors and confidence intervals and to test hypotheses. This usually requires that he derive formulas for one or more asymptotic sampling variances (and covariances)…

Methods of internal labor market analysis for three organizational areas are presented, along with some evidence about the validity and utility of conceptual descriptions of such markets. The general concept of an internal labor market refers to the process of pricing and allocation of manpower resources with an employing organization and rests…

The primary purpose of this study was to determine empirically whether an individual's cognitive style differentially influences his hypothesizing behavior within a relatively simple information processing task. A characteristic of cognitive style explored is the manner in which an individual perceives and analyzes a stimulus configuration;…

This monograph contains the second section, operations at the variable level, of a report of studies done in Helsinki, Finland, describing school achievement in terms of ability, trait, situational, and background variables. The report (1) investigates the structure of school achievement, (2) describes school achievement in terms of selected…

This paper presents an integrative theoretical framework for the conceptualization of the marriage relationship in terms of Kelly's psychology of personal constructs. Personal construct theory offers a productive model which can account for research findings related to most of the variables found to be relevant to marital success. Personal…

Presented are data that support the suggestion that sixth-grade students can formulate empirically-based statements that are adequate, precise and can be tested. Scores from the Hypothesis Quality Scale (developed by investigator) constituted the criterion variable. Treatment for the experimental group consisted of practice in hypothesis formation…

The objective of this study was to adapt the ideas of "strong inference" in developing a design procedure which can be used in the evaluation of an instructional system in such a way as to identify and correct specific weaknesses within a system. This method allows the evaluator to consider many hypotheses as possible causes of system…

This monograph provides a revised list of research hypotheses and questions, a detailed review of psychological and operational definitions of over fifteen vocational contructs (including such ambiguous concepts as vocational stability and vocational satisfaction), and an overview of projected research procedures. In addition, a comprehensive set…

This study compared two different laboratory programs in a physical science course for nonscience majors. One program, Program X, centered around a continuing experiment where the students themselves attempted to function as a team of scientists. Program Y was a direct examination of scientists and their work by having the students study reports…

The Career Construct (CC) is a free-response instrument patterened after Kuhn's TST. It is introduced as a tool appropriate to the investigation of some symbolic interactionist questions focusing on the temproal and processual features of actor's courses of action. The main features of the CC are: (1) a free-response listing of 10 anticipated…

Research was conducted to investigate the phenomena associated with an individual's having perceived control or actual control over aversive stimuli. In all, 10 studies were conducted, 7 of which were directly relevant to investigating variables affecting perceived or actual control, and 3 being "spin-off" experiments. The seven studies…

This study arose out of a concern for the type of college science courses being offered to non-science majors. Of particular concern is the traditional method of laboratory instruction, with its emphasis on specific techniques and instrument manipulations rather than promoting an understanding of the processes, concepts, and methods of…