Discusses the New York Public Library's experience with the Kurzweil Reading Machine (KRM) which transforms printed words into speech for visually handicapped people. The introduction of this new technology has created a need for new library services which are unique and demanding. (LLS)

The use patterns of microforms are analyzed within the context of the government documents reference interface; and components of product design such as header information, internal organization, and external finding aids are discussed in terms of improving the reference function of microformatted materials. (Author)

Forty-four college students rated six framed, black-and-white single object pictures to determine if the framing of an object or the field surrounding it gives it more meaning. Based on factor analysis of the results, recommendations are made for future research. (JEG)

Describes visual aids for training meetings and suggests how the trainer can use them: chalkboards, markerboards, magnetic boards, hook-and-loop boards, corkboards, menu (changeable letter) boards, and easel and presentation boards. Also lists product manufacturers/suppliers. (MF)

Analyses the iconography of five photographs used in advertising. (AM)

Reprint of a 1925 article on illustrations for children's books. (DD)

Focuses on image based research as a tool for histiographers and educators as a contemporary learning methodology. Research included female part-time returning students and family study students. States the study of photographs allows for emotional history and opens new ways to view history. (MER)

Compares different forms of graphics (symbols, film, video and still photographs) used by CBS, NBC, and ABC in 1988. Finds an average of 25 graphics per evening news program. Finds that 78 percent of stories use some kind of visual, with ABC using more visuals than other two networks. Speculates on potential influence of graphics in agenda…

Examines the advantages and limitations of visual aids in second language instruction. Visual aids can be used atmosphere, motivation, focus of attention, context, explanatory support, general comprehension, mnemonic support, cultural insights, and conversational stimuli. Their limitations include focusing attention away from the language,…

Findings of three tests given to 267 undergraduates (Wonderlic Personnel Test, Group Embedded Figures Test, and a case problem in 4 formats) were that neither graphic aids alone nor cognitive style alone significantly affected decision making; and when graphic aids and cognitive style are considered in conjunction, cognitive style is responsible…

Discusses the applicability of the machine-readable cataloging format for visual materials (MARC VM) to museum collections. A study is described that tested the utility of the VM format revision for museum objects, particularly as supported by OCLC, and recommendations are suggested for future enhancements. (16 references) (LRW)

Examines types of graphical representation as to their suitability for knowledge acquisition in primary grades. Uses the concept of mental models to clarify the relationship between external presentation and internal representation of knowledge. Finds that students who learned with highly elaborated and highly structured pictures displayed the…

Describes the learning experiences of young children meeting stem-and-leaf plots for the first time. Presents a vignette that offers a real and dynamic example of how young children can learn, use, and evaluate this powerful statistical display. (Author/ASK)

Examines how students interacted with a computer-based feature in Urinalysis Tutor(TM), "Compare and Contrast," which facilitated image comparisons. Three main image-viewing modes emerged. Overall, anchored viewing was the predominant image-viewing mode. Results suggest that a computer instructional program with a user-controlled…

Considers how visuals are constructions that are products of a writer's interpretation with its own "power-laden agenda." Reviews the current approach taken by composition scholars, surveys richer interdisciplinary work on visuals, and (by using visuals connected with the Human Genome Project) models an analysis of visuals as rhetoric.…