The relationship between working memory (WM) and second-language (L2) reading has been extensively examined, with mixed results. Our meta-analysis models the potential impact of under-researched variables considered to moderate this relationship. Results from 74 studies (228 correlations) showed a significant, small relationship between WM and L2…

The goal of this study was to examine the cross-lagged relations between vocabulary and word reading in children learning two scripts at the same time (pinyin and Chinese). One hundred fifty-nine third-year kindergarten Chinese children (70 girls and 89 boys; mean age = 72.70 months) were assessed on measures of nonverbal IQ, phonological…

Differentiated instruction (DI) is a teaching approach involves several strategies in which teachers adapt, modify, adjust and change instruction to respond to students' diverse individual needs in heterogeneous classrooms. The study aimed at exploring the effectiveness of DI on secondary stage students' proficiency level. The study followed the…

The notion of sentencehood in Mandarin Chinese is much less well-defined than in many other languages, with a block of clauses often joined by commas without conjunctions and with the period often occurring at the end of a block of clauses to indicate meaning completeness rather than the completeness of a sentential structure. The potential…

The aim of the study is to examine the effect of readability on comprehensibility. The study is quasi-experimental as it was not possible to assign groups randomly and the groups were partially controllable. Therefore, the "pretest-posttest unequaled control group quasi-experimental design" was used in the study. The study group consists…

Too often, our reading lists center one-size-fits-all authors and experiences that don't make space for the wide array of cultures and histories that enliven our classrooms. Too often, our schools operate as if on an island, largely unaware of what is happening next door. Community engaged literacies, meaning-making opportunities connecting local…

Parents of individuals with dis/abilities often grapple with their child's dis/ability, as parents mediate their own experiences surrounding dis/ability. This research specifically investigates the literacy narratives in which parents reveal the literacy tools and practices they engaged with and in to aid in forming their own conceptions of…

Skilled reading is thought to rely on well-specified lexical representations that compete during visual word recognition. The establishment of these lexical representations is assumed to be driven by phonology. To test the role of phonology, we examined the prime lexicality effect (PLE), the index of lexical competition in signing deaf (N = 28)…

Automatic short-answer grading has been studied for more than a decade. The technique has been used for implementing auto assessment as well as building the assessor module for intelligent tutoring systems. Many early works automatically grade mainly based on the similarity between a student answer and the reference answer to the question. This…

Packed with practical tools, this book provides K-6 educators with a research-based framework for accelerating the reading and writing growth of underperforming students. Strategies and resources are included for building foundational skills, comprehension, and vocabulary; engaging students with independent reading and periodicals; developing…

As the world around us becomes more accessible, so do our students' options to engage with that information. With the increased disconnect within the classroom, many educators are seeking ways to re-engage students. Research supports the use of choice for reading within the classroom to increase engagement. The article establishes the impact of…

This paper, drawing on Margaret Meek Spencer's work, considers the value of reflecting on literacy histories, whether of children, teachers, authors or academics. Margaret argued that teachers need to be open to literacy as lived, and to look, listen and learn about literacies that develop "without" direct instruction and stretch beyond…

The "Science of Reading" (SOR) has gained traction due to public media, resulting in a nationwide prioritization of teacher training and changes in the way reading is taught. The nationwide emphasis on the SOR led to new teacher certification requirements in Texas. Although teacher candidates already take a content exam to demonstrate…

Teachers, leaders, reformers, policymakers, and advocates all comprehend the weightiness of reading instruction, experiences, and outcomes for society, schools, and children. There have been numerous waves of reading reform, with federal, state, and local policies addressing numerous aspects of reading instruction. Currently, there are numerous…

Nationally and internationally, we face a crisis of misinformation and disinformation (De Jesus & Hubbard, "Social Studies," 112(3), 136-145, 2021; Lee & Hosam, "Sociological Forum," 35, 996-1008, 2020). Now more than ever, children need to know how authors obtain the information included in nonfiction books. Backmatter…