The first part of this bibliography lists works of a theoretical nature. The second part is devoted to problems relating to the financing of education in certain regions or countries. All problems of the first part are found here but reference is made to specific situations: local, national, or regional. (Author)

Iranians are torn between a desire to change and to modernize and a resistance to depart from well established modes and patterns of life. (Author)

Comparative investigation of educational systems in the process of modernization in ten Asian, African and Latin American countries shows that an extensive network of vocational education not only does not always associate with successful modernization in terms of a fast rate of economic growth, but also that it does not necessarily produce…

Paper presented at the University of Chicago Meetings of the Comparative and International Education Society, February 23, 1971. (Author)

The author, secretary general of the Republic of Zambia, discusses education (and particularly adult education) as a political imperative in Africa. He cites the problems of illiteracy and of the desire for a democratic system, and suggests that population growth must be adjusted to development potential. (MF)

The first detailed survey made in the field of adult literacy in Kenya, undertaken at the request of the Board of Adult Education. (EB)

High iteracy rates are found in the urban areas because it is difficult to live there without being literate, while the need to be literate is not so greatly felt in the rural areas. (PT)

Hypothesizes that proverbs and poems among nonliterate peoples vary inversely with the user's degree of Westernization. Suggests that the oral tradition in Somalia, East Africa serves different functions for the different social groups such as nomads, semi-nomads, and students. (MB)