Published articles about grading systems in general are listed in the first section of this annotated bibliography. A brief abstract of each article is provided. In the second section, Some Marking Systems in Current Use, credit grading policies used by nine community and junior colleges are described. (KM)

The traditional A-B-C-D-F grading system utilized by most colleges and universities to indicate student achievement has been a major focus of student and faculty dissatisfaction for decades. Further, when connected (consciously or unconsciously) to a norm-referenced approach to testing and a curve-based marking practice, the system can and does…

In this article concerning grade inflation, the author restricts his attention to the college and university level, although many of the tools and ideas developed here should be useful for high schools as well. The author considers the relationships between grades instructors assign and scores they receive on end-of-the semester student…

The purpose of this study is to practice peer evaluation and to determine if the result of the evaluation shows similarity with the lecturer evaluation, thus to make assumption about the validity of peer evaluation in higher education. For this purpose, students of "Specific Teaching Methods I" class, which is included in the 3. Class of…

The Arab Open University (AOU) has adopted the standard deviation method (SDM) as a grading system in replacement of a fixed scale. Adopting SDM was intended to remedy a problem that has resulted from discrepancies between AOU's graduation requirements and those of its partner, UK Open University. This paper aims mainly at investigating whether…

Team learning is an effective means of teaching that can contribute toward increased student interest. This article describes a team learning exercise developed for a course for nonscience majors. Students are randomly assigned numbers (atomic numbers) the first day of class. Each student builds a portfolio of information for their element. In the…

Clinical rotations play an important role in the medical curriculum and are considered crucial for student learning. However, competencies that should be learned can differ from those that are assessed. In order to explore which competencies are considered important for daily performance of student on the wards and to what extent clinical teachers…

Assessment is critically important to education both for accreditation and to support learning. Yet the literature dealing with formative and summative assessment definitions and terminology is not aligned. This article reports an empirical small-scale study of lecturers in Education at an English university. The research posits that these…

Although practiced widely in management education, grading of student participation in class discussions has been criticized by researchers: The instructor simultaneously adopts two incompatible tasks of facilitating class discussion and evaluating student participation; students play for points instead of focusing on learning; and common,…

This paper discusses several design issues in the development of a new online Japanese textbook, called "Robo-Sensei: Japanese Curriculum with Automated Feedback". When it is completed, the new online textbook will present a full Japanese curriculum. It extends a previously published online software program, "Robo-Sensei: Personal Japanese Tutor"…

Part I of this report presents a survey of grading practices used by higher education institutions in New York. After reviewing current bulletins or catalogues of all the institutions, questionnaires were mailed to 226 requesting information on prior grading practices and on any recent changes in these practices. Results, based on an 80% response,…

Dissatisfaction with traditional grading practices has been increasing steadily during the past few years. Although alternative methods have been used by many institutions, there will be no commonly accepted system until some agreement has been reached on the goals of graduate level instruction and grading. There is no evidence to indicate that…

The Santa Cruz campus of the University of California has been using pass-fail grading coupled with written evaluations of the student's performance since it opened in 1965. The only exceptions to the pass-fail system are in nonintroductory undergraduate courses in biology, chemistry, mathematics and physics in which students may select the letter…

True, failures do not guarantee a poor future for students, but only Pollyanna can exclude all but virtues. (Author)

Reviews various types of grading and nongrading suggestions. (DS)