A number of topics of interest to secondary school foreign language teachers are discussed in this issue. The following articles are included: (1) "Teaching and Learning a Foreign Language via Tele(Video)phone: A Futuristic Mini-Computer Design," by G. Harewood; (2) "Meeting Students' Communication Needs," by B. Marckel and "Functional/Notional…

In an effort to bridge the gap between Spanish foreign language classes for the monolingual English speaker and the needs of the Hispanic bilingual student wishing to have Spanish instruction, a bilingual teacher trainer has designed Spanish courses specifically for the Hispanic bilingual. To give recognition to bilinguals' existing linguistic…

The academic achievement of 144 second, third, and fourth graders in two Tucson elementary school bilingual education programs was measured by pre- and post-test scores on the California Achievement Test (CAT) and California Test of Basic Skills-Spanish (CTBS) in the fall and spring of the 1982-83 school year. The study was undertaken to examine…

Descriptions of 15 programs developed by Migrant Child Education - Region II in northern California are presented. The programs are primarily for migrant secondary students, migrant families, and migrant teachers. Programs intended to meet the special needs of secondary students include: (1) a paraprofessional school advisor program; (2) a…

A study of beginning college Spanish students' time-on-task in the foreign language classroom is reported. First, appropriate student on-task behaviors were determined, and teacher behaviors influencing or associated with student on-task behavior were defined. An observational instrument for recording and correlating student and teacher behaviors…

This descriptive study investigated the relationships between frequency of use of selected modifications in the assessment process of the Hispanic student, and subsequent enrollment patterns into special education. A 35 item questionnaire was mailed to 157 administrators of special education in six states. The most frequently used assessment…

The Literacy Volunteers of America-Danbury, Connecticut, is a nonprofit community organization that provides free instruction in English for those to whom English is still largely a foreign language. For 10 years it has also provided free instruction in reading and writing for English-speaking persons whose education has not provided these skills.…

The achievement levels of limited-English-proficient (LEP) students in the Austin (Texas) Independent School District in mathematics, reading, and writing are reported and compared with those of students in previous years. The district enrolled 4,888 LEP students in 1988-89 (89% were Spanish speakers, 4% were Vietnamese, and 7% represented 49…

This bibliography includes both commercially published and locally produced textbooks and workbooks that are currently being used across the United States in foreign language programs for grades 1-6. The materials cited are used by 303 elementary schools that responded to a national survey of elementary school foreign language programs. The texts…

Two numbers of the CLEAR Materials Resource Series that both deal with teaching languages to children have been combined. Number two summarizes the status of foreign language immersion programs in elementary schools in the United States. For each of the 20 states with total or partial immersion programs, the following information is provided: (1)…

Very young Spanish-English bilingual children may not perceive sound-clue illustrations presented in the classroom as they are intended to be perceived. For example, when a child is told, "A is for apple," he may also interpret the message as "A is for manzana," confusing the intended message. While the teacher may hear English only, the child's…

This guide, resulting from a four-site middle school study of the use of computers and related technology in second language instruction, is presented for the use by middle school language teachers. The guide includes lessons, coded to the state teacher handbook for second language instruction, and management hints, sample lesson plans, and other…

Project CABE (Content Area Bilingual Education) offered instruction in English as a Second Language (ESL) and Native Language Arts (NLA) to 823 limited English proficient Spanish-Speaking students in grades 1 through 9 in 34 schools in Manhattan, Brooklyn, and Queens (New York). All students were two or more years below level in mathematics and…

Three aspects of bilingual code-switching are examined: (1) code-switching as an integral part of bilingual behavior, especially in early stages of language acquisition; (2) social factors influencing the child's ability to differentiate languages and make an appropriate language choice; and (3) hierarchical organization of these social factors,…

A study of advanced English learners' use or avoidance of English idioms is described. The investigation looked at whether the subjects would attempt to use English idioms in a translation task containing idioms, or would instead use non-idiomatic synonyms or paraphrase. It also looked at which idioms are used and which are avoided: those that are…