People use different communication patterns based on the context and who they are addressing. These differences, known as linguistic register, are common across human speech and recognized early in development. Here, we examine 4-11-year-old American children's (N = 227) ability to use linguistic registers to determine a speaker's addressee as…

Social understanding competence develops in sensitive and co-regulating caregiver interactions. Parental reflective functioning (PRF) and parenting stress can affect children's social understanding. This study investigated if children's social understanding was associated with PRF and parenting stress. Parents of 305 Italian children aged from 24…

The study examines the effectiveness of microlearning in developing the capacity to address climate change and adapt to environmental challenges. Conducted as an online field experiment with 140 participants, the study focused on the impacts of smartphone use as an illustrative learning domain for education in climate change-related areas. Using a…

Purpose: Parents of autistic children are often advised to use only one language to simplify their child's language acquisition. Often this recommendation orients towards the geographically predominant language, which may cause difficulties especially for minority-language families. On the other hand, scientific evidence suggests that…

The purpose of this study was to conduct a content validity analysis of the Teacher Impression Scale (TIS), which is an observer rating scale designed to assess preschool children peer social competence. The TIS was originally developed in the 1980s and used in research in the 1990s-2010s. The was the first step in an instrument development…

Active communication is an important element of second language (L2) learning, as it contributes to the acquisition of language competence. The prerequisite of L2 use is having the willingness to communicate (WTC). However, previous research tended to conflate WTC and communication behaviour and provided little evidence that WTC and/or…

This study aimed to investigate the trajectories of students' self-regulated learning in an online course and the predictive role of students' satisfaction with basic psychological needs (autonomy, competence, relatedness) on these trajectories. Additionally, the potential variation in the relationship between basic psychological needs and…

The increasing screen time and digital distractions in modern education have underscored the need for innovative approaches to early childhood learning that reconnect children with the natural world. This study investigates the integration of cooperative learning methods in nature within the "Mathematics and Environmental Exploration"…

Background/Context: The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted family life in myriad ways, including increasing family stress and reducing access to early care and education experiences. Such factors suggest that children's early learning and development may have been negatively impacted, which would have long-term implications for necessary school support.…

Mastery learning -- requiring students to achieve proficiency in a topic before advancing -- is a well-established and effective teaching method. Digital learning systems support this approach by personalizing content sequences, enabling students to focus on practicing topics they have not yet mastered. To achieve this, digital learning systems…

Video-based instruction (VBI) is an effective means to teach employment skills to young adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). Within the category of VBI, video prompting (VP) is well-suited to teach multistep routines, and video modeling (VM) is better suited for social interactions. In this multiple probe design, three…

This study investigates how autonomy, competence, and relatedness needs impact student engagement during work placement learning tasks (student engagement henceforth), mediated by intrinsic motivation-to-know, and moderated by perceived instructor autonomy support. Conducted with 311 undergraduate students across 116 Nigerian firms/organizations,…

Reading provides college students with vital assistance in their efforts to expand their knowledge base. Artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted reading tools have been developed with the aim of improving students' reading efficiency and reading experience. However, the acceptance of such tools and relevant influencing factors remain unknown. This…

This research focused on the role that Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) play in the lives of today's college students and how protective factors may increase a student's level of resilience. This study examined participants' levels of resilience, what ACEs they experienced before entering college, and what role protective factors played in…

Now more than ever before, language learners can autonomously engage with the target culture beyond the classroom through international television shows, online forums, video clips, and study abroad. Still, much of the literature has deemed the target-language dominant speaker (TLDS) as a key source of cultural knowledge, and, thus, the principal…