Demographic differences in patterns of employment variation over the business cycle are examined. It is concluded that (1) both participation and unemployment must be considered in any analysis of cyclical changes in the labor market and (2) young people bear a disproportionate share of cyclical employment variation. (Author/CT)

The purpose of this study was to determine through the estimation of reduced-form equations whether there is a direct causal connection between the impending short supply of labor and the incentive for businesses to increase their capital investments, with a consequent increase in productivity. (Editor)

Presents samples of entries from the ERIC database concerned with the design and administration of graduate programs in three clusters: (1) General Studies; (2) Of, By, and For Students; and (3) Speech Communication and Employability. (JMF)

Discusses trends in the domestic economy and labor market in Japan as well as the status and developmental tasks ahead for career guidance. Describes government efforts to upgrade guidance services and train and certify counselors. (JOW)

A survey of training departments (n=560) investigated whether training is done in-house or is outsourced. Findings determined that companies are increasing their training staffs, the percentage of courses taught has not changed in three years, and evidence of outsourcing is not conclusive. (JOW)

Explores the effect of contingent and alternative employment on individuals' positions in the labor market. Examines the importance of these arrangements and investigates the preferences of contingent and alternative workers regarding their arrangements and their reasons for being in that type of employment arrangement. (JOW)

Examination of four Current Population Survey samples shows that schooling and work experience had smaller effects on the unemployment of immigrants than of native white men; despite initial difficulties in finding work, immigrants quickly attain comparable employment/unemployment rates; and immigrants are somewhat more vulnerable to economic…

Looks at the history of the environmental industry since 1970. Suggests that, although job growth is not as high as it was, the growth rate is now about 2% and those with proper training can find opportunities in environmental fields. (JOW)

Work histories from three Japanese mobility surveys were used to measure the extent of permanent employment, finding that historical events and postwar economic development have affected it. Mobility differences were greatest among young workers. White-collar workers in large firms had the lowest mobility, blue-collar, small-firm workers the…

Human resource management data were collected from 149 Irish, 201 Hong Kong, 92 Singaporean, and 144 Chinese organizations. Career patterns and training practices showed distinct differences. Irish organizations were more likely to have lower levels of career paths; their training practices suggested more new forms of careers. Fewer paths indicate…

Presents an assessment of the job market and salaries for children's librarians. Discusses the necessity for relevant education and job experience, and offers essential advice for librarians planning careers in youth services: do your research; build a network of colleagues; don't stay in a job you don't like; learn to compromise; and be positive.…

Data from the Current Population Survey indicate that relatively well paid, highly educated persons have more than one job because their schedule allows it, because their expertise is in demand, or because their financial reasons extend beyond meeting basic living expenses and paying off debts. (Author/JOW)

In 1996, employment growth in Australia stagnated at 0.8% despite a steady economic growth of 3.1%. Overall the prospects for the international economy in 1997 appear to be good. The strengthening of the recovery in Japan should improve Australia's terms of trade and allow the currency to maintain its current level. (JOW)

Analyzes changes in Technical and Further Education (TAFE) work force in Victoria, Australia, that occurred during the period 1993-98. Main changes include increased participation of women, significant growth in part-time employment, decline in full-time (mainly male) employment, and an increased use of seasonal teachers. (Includes 10 figures and…

Foreign-born workers have come to play an increasingly important role in the U.S. economy. Between 1996 and 2000, they constituted nearly half of the new increase in the U. S. labor force. (JOW)