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Peer reviewed
Direct linkFusaro, Maria; Harris, Paul L. – Developmental Science, 2008
Recent findings show that preschool children are selective with respect to whom they ask for information and whose claims they endorse. In particular, they monitor an informant's record of past accuracy or inaccuracy and use that record to gauge future trustworthiness. We ask if preschoolers also monitor the non-verbal cues of assent or dissent…
Descriptors: Cues, Prior Learning, Interpersonal Communication, Young Children
Lagattuta, Kristin Hansen – Developmental Science, 2008
Four-year-olds, 5-year-olds, and adults (N = 48) listened to stories featuring characters that experienced one of four types of thoughts after deciding to transgress or comply with a rule: thoughts about desires, rules, future negative outcomes, or future punishment. Participants predicted and explained the characters' emotions. Results showed…
Descriptors: Young Children, Knowledge Level, Emotional Response, Cognitive Processes
Haddad, Jeffrey M.; Kloos, Heidi; Keen, Rachel – Developmental Science, 2008
Three-year-olds were given a search task with conflicting cues about the target's location. A ball rolled behind a transparent screen and stopped behind one of four opaque doors mounted into the screen. A wall that protruded above one door provided a visible cue of blockage in the ball's path, while the transparent screen allowed visual tracking…
Descriptors: Cues, Eye Movements, Conflict, Error Patterns
Simmering, Vanessa R.; Spencer, John P. – Developmental Science, 2008
A central goal in cognitive and developmental science is to develop models of behavior that can generalize across both tasks and development while maintaining a commitment to detailed behavioral prediction. This paper presents tests of one such model, the Dynamic Field Theory (DFT). The DFT was originally proposed to capture delay-dependent biases…
Descriptors: Recall (Psychology), Theories, Generalization, Young Children
Nilsen, Elizabeth S.; Graham, Susan A.; Smith, Shannon; Chambers, Craig G. – Developmental Science, 2008
Four-year-olds were asked to assess an adult listener's knowledge of the location of a hidden sticker after the listener was provided an ambiguous or unambiguous description of the sticker location. When preschoolers possessed private knowledge about the sticker location, the location they chose indicated that they judged a description to be…
Descriptors: Eye Movements, Linguistics, Figurative Language, Preschool Children
Daum, Moritz M.; Prinz, Wolfgang; Aschersleben, Gisa – Developmental Science, 2008
Infants start to interpret completed human actions as goal-directed in the second half of the first year of life. In a series of three studies, the understanding of a goal-directed but uncompleted action was investigated in 6- and 9-month-old infants using a preferential looking paradigm. Infants saw the video of an actor's reaching movement…
Descriptors: Infants, Child Development, Developmental Stages, Goal Orientation
Wilcox, Teresa; Bortfeld, Heather; Woods, Rebecca; Wruck, Eric; Boas, David A. – Developmental Science, 2008
Over the past 30 years researchers have learned a great deal about the development of object processing in infancy. In contrast, little is understood about the neural mechanisms that underlie this capacity, in large part because there are few techniques available to measure brain functioning in human infants. The present research examined the…
Descriptors: Infants, Brain, Child Development, Cognitive Processes
Scheffer, Ingrid E.; Turner, Samantha J.; Dibbens, Leanne M.; Bayly, Marta A.; Friend, Kathryn; Hodgson, Bree; Burrows, Linda; Shaw, Marie; Wei, Chen; Ullmann, Reinhard; Ropers, Hans-Hilger; Szepetowski, Pierre; Haan, Eric; Mazarib, Aziz; Afawi, Zaid; Neufeld, Miriam Y.; Andrews, P. Ian; Wallace, Geoffrey; Kivity, Sara; Lev, Dorit; Lerman-Sagie, Tally; Derry, Christopher P.; Korczyn, Amos D.; Gecz, Jozef; Mulley, John C.; Berkovic, Samuel F. – Brain, 2008
Epilepsy and Mental Retardation limited to Females (EFMR) which links to Xq22 has been reported in only one family. We aimed to determine if there was a distinctive phenotype that would enhance recognition of this disorder. We ascertained four unrelated families (two Australian, two Israeli) where seizures in females were transmitted through…
Descriptors: Epilepsy, Mental Retardation, Females, Genetics
Lugo-Gil, Julieta; Tamis-LeMonda, Catherine S. – Child Development, 2008
Reciprocal associations among measures of family resources, parenting quality, and child cognitive performance were investigated in an ethnically diverse, low-income sample of 2,089 children and families. Family resources and parenting quality uniquely contributed to children's cognitive performance at 14, 24, and 36 months, and parenting quality…
Descriptors: Child Rearing, Cognitive Development, Family Income, Parenting Styles
Kouros, Chrystyna D.; Merrilees, Christine E.; Cummings, E. Mark – Journal of Marriage and Family, 2008
Evidence has emerged for emotional security as an explanatory variable linking marital conflict to children's adjustment. Further evidence suggests parental psychopathology is a key factor in child development. To advance understanding of the pathways by which these family risk factors impact children's development, the mediational role of…
Descriptors: Marital Satisfaction, Conflict, Parents, Psychopathology
Price, Thomas S.; Jaffee, Sara R. – Developmental Psychology, 2008
The classical twin study provides a useful resource for testing hypotheses about how the family environment influences children's development, including how genes can influence sensitivity to environmental effects. However, existing statistical models do not account for the possibility that children can inherit exposure to family environments…
Descriptors: Twins, Interaction, Verbal Ability, Family Environment
Sowa, Patience A.; De La Vega, Esperanza – Childhood Education, 2008
Education has been one of the highest priorities in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) since it became a country in 1971 under the leadership of the late Sheikh Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahyan. In 1962, when oil production started in Abu Dhabi, the country had just 20 schools for less than 4,000 students, most of them boys. The discovery of oil became the…
Descriptors: Classroom Techniques, Foreign Workers, Arabs, Graduates
Russell, Christina; Amod, Zaytoon; Rosenthal, Lesley – Perspectives in Education, 2008
This study addressed the effect of parent-child Mediated Learning Experience (MLE) interaction on cognitive development in early childhood. It measured the MLE interactions of 14 parents with their preschool children in the contexts of free-play and structured tasks. The children were assessed for their manifest cognitive performance and learning…
Descriptors: Play, Informal Education, Preschool Children, Interaction
Marxen, Carol E.; Ofstedal, Kathy; Danbom, Karen – Journal of Early Childhood Teacher Education, 2008
The No Child Left Behind (NCLB) legislation has increased the academic expectations for kindergarten children. Where kindergarten was once a place for children to learn to socialize through play, many kindergarten classrooms have become replicas of first grade with children sitting at desks completing worksheets, learning to sound out words, and…
Descriptors: Teacher Education Programs, Federal Legislation, Kindergarten, Grade 1
Ontai, Lenna L.; Thompson, Ross A. – Social Development, 2008
This study investigated the relations among attachment, mother-child discourse, and theory of mind in a sample of 76 four-year-old children (mean age = 4.48 years; 36 boys). Mother-child conversations about a past event were coded for maternal use of elaborative discourse and mothers' references to mental states. Mothers completed the attachment…
Descriptors: Attachment Behavior, Parent Child Relationship, Mothers, Cognitive Development
