Using a computer-based Monte Carlo approach to generate item responses, the results of this study indicate that, when item discrimination indices are considered, item-examinee sampling procedures having the same number of observations have different standard errors in estimating both test mean and test variance. With certain types of tests, a…

The purpose of this study was to generate descriptive statistical estimates regarding the expected proportion of occurrence of each of the PROANA 5 (Process Analysis) variables (line usage, clique group, detrimental clique group, leadership, and dominance) in small group communication. A second purpose was to determine the expected pattern of…

In this study, individual differences in internal-external control were expected to relate to several aspects of romantic, hetrosexual love. For example, it was hypothesized that proportionally fewer internals experience romantic attachments. Moreover, among persons having been in love, internals were expected to have fewer romantic experiences…

This paper presents three examples of nonparametric statistical tests that can aid certain decision-making processes in the community college by using basic student data to separate "scientific" decision-making from "opinion" decision-making. A brief example of each test in a decision-making situation is related to illustrate…

This report presents data compiled by the Manpower Characteristics Study Group of the National Science Foundation (NSF) as part of a comprehensive program to measure and analyze the nation's science and engineering manpower resources for 1974. The data presented are based on three sources: the 1973 Survey of Doctoral Scientists and Engineers; the…

This is one of a series of eight short monographs intended to aid practicing educators in planning and conducting accountability programs in schools. This booklet discusses how to develop an experimental design appropriate to the objectives of a particular research or evaluation effort. Short sections focus in turn on the characteristics of a good…

The authors suggest that there may be a phenomenon of posttest sensitization which could affect the generalizability of experimental results in the way that pretest sensitization does. A quasi-experimental design is proposed to test for such a phenomenon. (JKS)

A statistical study produced a list of 350 highly "learnworthy" words from the specialized medical vocabulary of German, for the benefit of English-, French-, and Spanish-speaking students. The words are ranked and listed according to frequency, range, and difficulty of learning. (Text is in German.) (IFS/WGA)

Pratt's measure C on the class concentration of bibliometric distributions is calculated and interpreted for the laws of Zipf, Mandelbrot, and Lotka and geometric distribution, and comparisons are made of the results. An explicit mathematical formula which unifies disparate theories is derived and tested. (Author/CLB)

Reviews research on appropriate methodologies to use in studying native or second language acquisition and points out that both quantitative and qualitative research methods are used in different ways of study in the field. (CB)

For the conditions investigated in the study, the parametric ANCOVA was typically the procedure of choice both as a test of equality of conditional means and as a test of equality of conditional distributions. (Author/LMO)

Linear conversions were developed relating scores on recent forms of the Graduate Record Examinations. Conversions based on specially selected subpopulations were compared with total-group conversions and evaluated. Conclusions indicated that the data clearly support the assumption of population independence for homogenoeous tests, but not quite…

This paper reports a Monte Carlo study of differences induced by different analysis choices over selected types of aptitude treatment interaction (ATI) data (nine combinations of three sample sizes and three population parameter effect sizes). Generally, ANOVA methods tended to overestimate smaller effect sizes and to underestimate larger effect…

Five sets of paired comparison judgments were made concerning test item difficulty, in order to identify the most probable source of intrasensitivity in the data. The paired comparisons method was useful in providing information about sensitivity to stimulus differences, but less useful for assessing dimensionality of judgment criteria.…

Since computer programs have been available for estimating and testing linear causal models, these models have been used increasingly in the behavioral sciences. This paper discusses the problem that very different causal structures may fit the same set of data equally well. (Author/LMO)