This study of educational policy in Malta examines the academic, social, and administrative dimensions of professionalism in the Maltese context; Malta's system of corporate patronage and culture of central control; conflicts between educational administrators and practitioners; efforts to decentralize and liberalize the educational system; and…

A study using national data investigated extension of the social control theory of deviance to deviance from the four Mertonian norms of science among faculty in seven disciplines. Results suggest social control in the academic profession lies primarily in the community of the academic disciplines rather than with personal controls. (Author/MSE)

New roles for teachers in curriculum development conflict with traditional expectations. Constructing curriculum involves teachers' individual flexibility and collective uniformity. This article presents a curriculum-inquiry model that integrates elements of educational practice often dealt with in isolation (instruction, curriculum, assessment,…

Because teachers teach who they are, teacher formation should encourage them to become whole by developing into wise, mature, competent, and humane adults. Training programs that focus on "teaching" teachers and the isolation and constraints of the teaching experience itself inhibit teachers from becoming whole human beings. (LP)

Examines academic freedom from the point of view of the intersection between researcher and professional journal. Identifies two major places where violations of academic freedom might occur: (1) the review and editorial process that precedes publication; and (2) tenure and merit considerations (including issues of retention, promotion, pay…

Examines new concerns in academic exchange relations between developed and developing nations. Reviews the literature of scholarly exchanges, particularly the differing perspectives of "northern" and "southern" administrators and academics on issues of research access. Analyzes differing concepts of knowledge and academic…

Challenges vague, underconceptualized notions of teacher professional community. Findings from an exploration of two California middle-school teacher communities suggest that current models obscure significant differences in beliefs and practices. One community stresses teachers' individual rights and responsibilities; the other is driven by a…

Focuses on factors affecting women teachers' work in Lebowa (South Africa) secondary schools, particularly on whether they are aware of being ideologically controlled by a centralized curriculum and the state structure of apartheid by focusing on languages. Illustrates how women teachers respond to and resist these controls in different work…

An ethnographic study of a principal heading an inclusive elementary school showed that a supportive environment for critique encourages teacher autonomy, risk taking, and consideration of alternative implementation frameworks. Creating a democratic environment coalesces staff. Principal behaviors are undergirded by a spirituality grounded in…

The superintendent of a wealthy, rural school district describes the unique context of schooling reform in Westchester County, New York. Pressures for reform coming from parents and the community lead to interschool competition and spark micropolitics that spill out into the community. Successful schools have greater autonomy and empowered…

Describes methodology workshops for English-as-a-Foreign-Language teachers that encourage more teacher autonomy. Activities were selected that can be used many times over if they are adapted by teachers to suit their own teaching contexts. (Author/VWL)

In a 1998 study of effective British principals, school staffs agreed that successful heads were values-led, people- centered, achievement-oriented, inward/outward facing, and able to manage ongoing tensions and dilemmas: leadership/management, development/maintenance, autocracy/autonomy, personal time/professional tasks, personal…

Common factors contributing to teachers' resistance include risk aversion, craft expertise, and autonomy and isolation. Leaders' problem is to create ownership, not buy-in. Principals cannot make change alone or by edict, but must nurture engagement and commitment and motivate groups to learn and solve problems cooperatively. (MLH)

The executive director of the Special Libraries Association (SLA) and the president of the Association of Independent Information Professionals (AIIP) answer questions about outsourcing information services. Relevant policy, vendor-client relationships, managerial considerations, and effects on libraries are discussed. Two sidebars offer 19…

Increases in teacher workload, deemed an undesirable site-based management consequence, is partly attributable to teachers' organizing skills. A New Zealand case study shows how secondary teachers attempting to improve minority student achievement unintentionally created workload pressures by developing parallel problem-solving structures and…