People often make interpretations when they believe they are providing factual descriptions. To demonstrate unintentional interpretation, the author showed a brief ambiguous video clip and asked students to write descriptions of what they saw and heard. When students evaluated their responses, they discovered that 96% of the class wrote…

In meta-analysis, it is common to have dependent effect sizes, such as several effect sizes from the same sample but measured at different times. Cheung and Chan proposed the adjusted-individual and adjusted-weighted procedures to estimate the degree of dependence and incorporate this estimate in the meta-analysis. The present study extends the…

This paper discusses the difficulties of establishing a clear count of UK higher education students in terms of the categories used for widening participation, such as occupational background or ethnicity. Using some of the best and most complete data available, such as the annual figures from the Higher Education Statistics Agency, the paper then…

Emphasizing the measurement of causal effects to arrive at a better understanding of the causal mechanisms involved in statistical theory, a mathematical model for causal inferences in prospective studies is developed and then applied to retrospective case-control studies. Before developing the model, causal agents are delineated, and causal…

The purposes of this study were to tabulate the exact cumulative probabilities for a multinomial such that expected frequencies vary from 1 to not less than 5 in the case where the expected frequencies are equal and to study the accuracy of the conventional chi-square goodness-of-fit test. The tables of cumulative probabilities provide exact tests…

The purpose of the research was to determine which community characteristics, among the 29 studied, were statistically most useful as predictors of per-pupil Federal aid to the 169 school districts of Connecticut. Three regression models were developed using community traits as predictors of Federal aid allocations. Community characteristics…

This report is the first in a quarterly series which will contain statistics and epidemiologic notes on lead poisoning at both the national and local levels. This report contains (a) statistics on childhood lead poisoning; (b) a status report on the Community Lead Poisoning Data System, which was designed to assist local lead control programs and…

Statistical inference concerning the parameters of k multivariate normal populations is considered. Several models in which the parameters have certain hierarchical relationships are discussed, in particular as related to testing the hypothesis that k psychological tests are parallel forms of the same test. The report contains the following…

The fundamental objective of the study is to obtain a detailed analysis of the book publishing industry and the book printing industry in Canada, in order to determine what steps the Federal Government might take to assist the industry in improving its viability and in promoting its stability and growth. This objective implies that the study will…

This study of the physical health of school nurses emphasizes that the nurses are not providing good role models for promoting physical fitness and health. (DS)

This article presents an improved approximation formula for the problem of correcting correlation coefficients that arise from range-restricted distributions on either or both the independent and dependent variable. (BS)

Compared three statistical procedures to determine their ability to predict delinquents' return to juvenile prison after first release. Logit analysis, predictive attribute analysis, and a Burgess procedure were tested. No significant differences were found between statistical procedures in prediction. (Author/NB)