The 2018 election cycle resulted in new governors in 20 states and two territories. This change will have further ripple effects as new governors in many states appoint new chief state school officers, state board of education members, and other state education leaders. If properly understood and leveraged, each new governor's transition period provides a critical window of opportunity to promote education equity, opportunity, and outcomes. This brief produced by the National Governors Association (NGA) and EducationCounsel provides guidance to new governors and state education teams on how to think about this critical transition period, how to best advance education priorities, and how partners can provide support. Based on lessons learned from prior gubernatorial, state, and national education transitions, NGA and EducationCounsel have identified ten opportunities for action that each governor and others should consider - from election to inauguration and in the first 100 days - to get the most out of the state transition period in terms of advancing education equity, quality, and outcomes. By investing the time, energy, and resources necessary to attend to these opportunities, the transition team and those seeking to support it will be on solid footing to do the difficult but essential work of pursuing an equitable and rigorous education for every student.