The purpose of this narrative review was to examine the linguistic and classroom strategies used by young adults with dyslexia. Studies investigating evidence about university students' use of strategies were compiled from four databases, including Academic Search Complete, APA PyscINFO, Education Research Complete, and Medline. Among the 117…

This article explores human-AI interaction with large language models or conversational agents in complex information tasks with a focus on prompt engineering strategies. The paper reviews the current literature on the use of artificial intelligence (AI) for complex information tasks that are often nonlinear and entail interpretation,…

Letters of recommendation from school counselors are required to apply to most selective universities. We use cutting-edge natural language processing techniques to algorithmically analyze a national dataset of over 600,000 student applications and counselor recommendation letters submitted through the Common Application. We examine how the length…

It is very important to identify talented students as soon as they are admitted to college so that appropriate resources are provided and allocated to them to optimize and excel in their education. Currently, this process is labor-intensive and time-consuming, as it involves manual reviews of each student's academic record. This raises the…

There is growing interest in the potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to assist in various educational tasks, including writing assessment. However, the comparative efficacy of human and AI-powered systems in this domain remains a subject of ongoing exploration. This study aimed to compare the accuracy of human raters (teachers and…

Objectives: The present study investigated the extent to which AI use and opinions about its use will vary by academic stage and academic task in ways that align with Budwig's (2013) developmental stages. Methods: We surveyed 1,259 students from different academic stages (first-year students, sophomores, juniors, seniors, and graduate students) at…

Background: The increasing capabilities of generative artificial intelligence (AI), exemplified by OpenAI's transformer-based language model GPT-4 (ChatGPT), have drawn attention to its application in educational contexts. This study evaluates the potential of such models in generating German reading comprehension texts for educational large-scale…

Long before ChatGPT, it was an open secret that students did not always read the books they were assigned in their English Language Arts (ELA) classes, relying instead on online study guides like SparkNotes. Via a retrospective survey, our exploratory study examined (1) the rate of SparkNotes use among high-school ELA students; (2) why students…

This study examines context effects on lexical processing by low-proficiency Japanese learners of English during sentence comprehension, and the role of individual differences in verbal working memory (WM). Thirty Japanese learners of English as a second language (L2) and 27 speakers of English as a first language (L1) were recruited for a…

In cultural relic restoration learning, developing both knowledge proficiency and self-efficacy is essential for academic success and professional competency. However, conventional learning methods often lack interactive elements that support cognitive engagement and skill acquisition. To address this limitation, this study introduced a…

As intelligent textbooks become more ubiquitous in classrooms and educational settings, the need to make them more interactive arises. An alternative is to ask students to generate knowledge in response to textbook content and provide feedback about the produced knowledge. This study develops Natural Language Processing models to automatically…

Naturalistic language learning is contextually grounded. When people learn their first (L1) and often their second (L2) language, they do so in various contexts. In this dissertation I examine the effect of various contexts on language development. Part 1 describes the effects of textual, linguistic context in reading. I employed an eye-tracking…

Effects of semantic transparency, reflected in processing differences between semantically transparent ("teabag") and opaque ("ladybird") compounds, have received considerable attention in the investigation of the role of constituents in compound processing. However, previous studies have yielded inconsistent results. In the…

Purpose: Although commonly defined as a speech disorder, stuttering interacts with the language production system in important ways. Our purpose is to summarize research findings on linguistic variables that influence stuttering assessment and treatment. Method and Results: Numerous topics are summarized. First, we review research that has…

Pronouns can sometimes covary with a non c-commanding quantifier phrase (QP). To obtain such 'telescoping' readings, a semantic representation must be computed in which the QP's semantic scope extends beyond its surface scope. Non-native speakers have been claimed to have more difficulty than native speakers deriving such non-isomorphic…