Abstract Early childhood development programs enhance children's development of knowledge, skills, and processes. Despite efforts to improve early childhood education in the United States, poor student performance in early literacy and kindergarten achievement is still occurring, and questions remain unanswered about the utility of early childhood…

In this review, we attempt to integrate two crucial aspects of numerical development: learning the magnitudes of individual numbers and learning arithmetic. Numerical magnitude development involves gaining increasingly precise knowledge of increasing ranges and types of numbers: from non-symbolic to small symbolic numbers, from smaller to larger…

The purpose of the research is to describe and analyze the implementation of Scaffolding based on Cognitive Conflict in correcting the students' errors in Algebra material. The research uses Mix Method, that is a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. There are 25 students that are involved and tested on Algebra material. They are…

The through-the-air mode is the "real engine" for thought and communication, and that on which secondary representations such as print or Braille are based. This should not be construed as an either-or; it is important to develop high levels of thought in both through-the- air and the corresponding secondary (or captured) modes. It is…

This study analyzed the effect of a learning philosophy assignment on students' intellectual development and mastery of first-year biology and second-year biochemistry course content. We used pre- and post-surveys to assess students' cognitive complexity, and compared students' midterm and final exam marks to assess mastery of course content. The…

From a New Literacies Studies (NLS) perspective, deep learning involves the acquisition of social and cultural competencies valued within a disciplinary community, not merely propositional displays of what one knows. Drawn from a year-long qualitative inquiry, this case study examines how one exemplary second-grade literacy teacher taught toward…

Using the concept of a developmental lens (Brighton, 2007; Caskey & Anfara, 2014; Davis, 2006; J-F, Pullen, & Carroll, 2013; National Middle School Association, 2010; Peterson, 2010), this article focuses on young teenage students' perceptions of teachers. School teachers play an important role in the educational development of teenagers…

The study addressed a cognitive-affective gap in the textual content of a primary English curriculum. The research design was qualitative in nature. In the first part of the study, document analysis of the textbooks from grades 1-5 was done to prove that empathetic and pro-social themes were under represented in them. The second part of the study…

The present study is designed to understand the adjustment of visually impaired students, attending the special and the integrated schools. This study has been conducted on the students of 60 visually impaired students, aged 14-16 years, attending special and the integrated schools in the selected schools of Varanasi city, UP, India. The method of…

Scientists use judgment in deciding what and how much data to present in publications but science degrees rarely address this issue. Instead, scientific knowledge is presented as certain and students have limited opportunities to use their own judgment in the laboratory. A consequence of this may be that students approach science with a moral…

The impact of trauma on cognitive, emotional, social, and physical health has been widely studied since the early 1990s. In response to this research, there has been an increase in initiatives in various sectors to increase the awareness and treatment of individuals impacted by trauma. Most recently, the federal government recognized the positive…

The Theory of Optimal Stimulation (Zentall & Zentall, "Psychological Bulletin," 94, 1983, 446) posits that the relation between activity level (AL) and cognitive performance follows an inverted U shape where midrange AL predicts better cognitive performance than AL at the extremes. We explored this by fitting linear and quadratic…

A greater emphasis in school curricula on the technology of science would encourage teachers to engage their students more in practical work. This in turn might be expected to improve students' attitudes towards science and enhance cognitive outcomes. The paper presents findings from a study on first-year university students' school experience of,…

Caregivers' narrative elaborations have been consistently shown to relate to language, literacy, and cognitive skills in children. However, research with Latinos yields mixed findings in terms of how much caregivers elaborate and the benefits of elaborations for Latino children's development, especially within booksharing contexts. Moreover,…

The purpose of this study was to compare and associate BrainDance activity to a control group on reading scores as well as social, learning, and negative behavior. A total of 40 students in two classrooms participated in this study. A Likert scale and words per minute reading scores followed by quantitative analysis using a t-test to document and…