Nutrition provisions in the FY2025 budget reconciliation law (P.L. 119-21/H.R. 1), as enacted July 4, 2025, are estimated to reduce federal spending for the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and, in order to achieve such savings, significantly change how the benefits, administrative costs, and nutrition education costs are funded. Certain provisions are also expected to reduce households' monthly benefit amounts and to make it more difficult for some individuals to qualify. Not all households in all states are expected to face the same barriers. The law also extends The Emergency Food Assistance Program's (TEFAP's) Farm to Food Bank Projects, which support food rescue and donation to food banks, at $4 million annually. The Congressional Budget Office (CBO) estimated that the Nutrition subtitle of P.L. 119-21 would reduce federal spending by almost $187 billion over 10 years (FY2025-FY2034), with the SNAP provisions all estimated to reduce spending. To inform policymakers' work, this report provides procedural background, SNAP background, summaries of initial House-passed and enacted provisions, and an overview of CBO's available estimates of budgetary, participation, and benefit amount effects.