Describes the process of acquisition in learner varieties with respect to reference and referential movement in the domain of modality. Findings are based on data from the longitudinal ESF and P-Moll projects and on cross-sectional data of Italian learners of German. (Author/VWL)

Exploration of the usefulness of a visual preference technique for assessing word comprehension in infants demonstrated increases in comprehension from 8 to 14 and 14 to 20 months; established longitudinal stability of comprehension from 14 to 20 months; and showed a profound effect of stimulus salience and the lack of sex differences in word…

Describes an investigation of the differences and similarities existing between the intonation systems of French and English. The unity of the procedures described here is confirmed by an analysis of intonational errors made by English-speaking learners of French. (Author/VWL)

Discusses the role of the infinitive in Russian verbal morphology, and points out the advantage of the single-stem system of analyzing and presenting Russian verbs. (32 references) (Author/OD)

Examines the general challenge of proficiency-oriented methodology as applied specifically to beginning Russian-as-a-Second-Language teaching. (Author/OD)

Examines cohesive ties that children and adults use during verbal explanations to resolve incongruent discourse information. Identifies age-related changes in children's use of adversatives and causal connectives. Finds less use of personal referents and demonstratives among preschoolers, and no decreased use of additives and temporal connectives…

An exploration of second language acquisition research's traditionally separate focus on learners or learning, covering the development-as-sequence model, the development-as-growth model, learning style, cognitive orientation, and affective orientation, argues that a "whole" approach to language teaching must consider both the structural nature of…

Examines the acquisition of sex-neutral uses of masculine terms by English and Spanish speaking children and suggests that knowledge of the acquisition sex-neutral uses of gender markers may lead to insight into children's approaches to word meaning. The use of sex-neutral masculine terms and their impact on the status of women is also discussed.…

Presents observations on designing and implementing replications of applied linguistics research, focusing on a selection of research to be replicated, evaluation of the feasibility of replication, and benefits of replication. (CB)

Explores the impact of rapidly changing information technology on the future of the scholarly journal. A discussion focuses on how such digital electronic media as word processors, fax machines, and electronic libraries could change journal format, printing medium, quality of information, centralization of journals, and costs. (CB)

Examines two approaches to official bilingual programs in Canada, personality and territorial, applying economic analysis to language planning. Territoriality is suggested as a means of protecting threatened linguistic minorities and assisting them in retaining their cultural identity. (Author/OD)

Examination of how French second language learners construct rules for French relativiser morphology found that learners did not make use of a theory of markedness like the accessibility hierarchy for relativization, but rather appeared to construct rules on the basis of the linear ordering of the constituents of restrictive relative clauses in…

Discusses the results of research to determine the success of the efforts currently being made in schools to teach pure Italian to the second generation of Italians in Australia in order to replace Italian Australian, a mixture of Italian dialects, Italian, and English. 33 references. (CFM)

Pre- and posttraining measurement of adult English-as-a-Second-Language learners' (N=18) apology speech act behavior found no clear-cut quantitative improvement after training, although there was an obvious qualitative approximation of native-like speech act behavior in terms of types of intensification and downgrading, choice of strategy, and…

Discusses the literature on bilingualism over the last decade, emphasizing publications between 1985 and 1989. Focus is placed on the following themes: (1) definitions of the field, (2) language specific research, (3) the bilingual individual and community, (4) education and bilingualism, and (5) national bilingualism and political economy. (128…