The selections in this book discuss a wide variety of elements that enhance or inhibit the learning process, from areas of individual physical and mental health to the teaching media available in the classroom. Throughout the book the individual student is viewed in relation to the classroom or sociological group, the teacher, and/or the…

This paper introduces and gives a report of the first of a series of studies concerned with the developmental aspects of information processing. The experiments are concerned chiefly with how repeated visual encounters influence infants' attentional preference for what is familiar or unfamiliar and how infants' preference can be affected by…

THE EFFECT OF FEEDBACK OF ACTUAL AND IDEAL BEHAVIOR RATINGS BY HIGH SCHOOL TEACHERS ON THEIR DEPARTMENT CHAIRMEN WAS STUDIED. IT WAS HYPOTHESIZED THAT SUCH INFORMATION WOULD INFLUENCE THE BEHAVIOR OF DEPARTMENT CHAIRMEN IN WHAT THEIR TEACHERS DESCRIBED AS A DESIRABLE DIRECTION. THE VARIOUS REQUIREMENTS OF THE EXPERIMENT WERE COMPLETED BY 208…

Reports on a strategy of continuous measurement of the frequency of the same infant behavior over time, which was applied to measuring infant development in the prone position, namely, chin lifting, chest lifting, and a creeping response. (BD/BR)

Presents practical suggestions for encouraging helping behavior through classroom climate, structure, activities, and materials. (BD)

Reports that textbooks and counseling approaches studied by prospective counselors largely omit information on biological foundations of human behavior, although biological factors often affect human behavior profoundly. Uses case study examples to show importance of biological factors. Recommends that counselor educators understand biological…

Spatial matching--the ability to distribute search effort in accord with the distribution of hidden resources--was studied in 18- to 54-month-old children. The principal development was the appropriate use of win-shift response. (Author/RWB)

Research on perceptual and cognitive capacities of the newborn has revealed that state variables typically interfere with or override the neonate's attentional and stimulus processing tendencies. This finding argues for the power of early state variables as behavioral determinants and, further, that neonatal state measures might provide good…

Reflects on G. Zivin's framework on the development of expressive behavior. Stresses the need to include noncognitive, as well as cognitive, affective activation in the framework, and the necessity for the adoption of an inclusive, synthesizing strategy at this stage of knowledge. (HOD)

Quantitatively describes the gait development of a group of African children to determine how pattern changes would relate to growth and maturation. A total of 65 children from the Gusii tribe of southwestern Kenya, ranging in age from 13 to 69 months, were selected for study. (Author/RH)

Investigates the developmental sequence of learning to transform objects into agents and recipients of action in early symbolic play. Each of 48 children (from 14 to 25 months old) demonstrated initiative pretending after an adult modeled agent and recipient substitutions in pretending to talk on the telephone. (Author/CB)

The early psychomotor development (DQ) of 29 term small-for-gestational-age Brazilian infants was shown to be more dependent on postnatal growth than the DQ of 51 term appropriate-for-gestational-age infants. (Author/RH)

Discusses, with special reference to socially disapproved conduct, possible family and school influences on behavioral development. Influences are discussed in terms of alternative explanations for causal inferences relating environmental variables and children's disorders; mechanisms and processes; persistence of environmental effects; and…

Discusses how the behavior contract becomes a method of giving the student specific "things to do" while avoiding the process of nagging him to do something. (Author)

This article reports a project in which students in a college level adjustment course were taught to apply a model of behavior change in order to gain greater control over their own behavior. Pilot data suggest that students found the experience worthwhile, that many of them learned to make substantial changes in their behavior. (Author)