Statistical learning has been proposed to underlie the developmental transition during infancy from allophonic to phonemic speech sound perception. Based on this, it can be hypothesized that in dyslexic individuals, core phonemic representation deficits arise from reduced sensitivity to the statistical distribution of sounds. This study aims to…

The success of a school greatly depends on the ability of its leaders to communicate effectively. In "Connecting Through Leadership," author Jasmine K. Kullar details how to verbally and nonverbally inspire, motivate, and connect with every member of a school community, from teachers to students to parents. The book includes questions…

Teachers and administrators are dedicated to serving students by providing high-quality instruction and continuously improving their practice. This mixed-methods study examined the value of instructional rounds as a tool for professional development of teachers and administrators. This cycle of instructional rounds focused on the problem of…

Teaching and learning pronunciation can be challenging for second language (L2) teachers and learners alike. Many people may even adopt that attitude that, 'She'll be right', thinking that L2 learners' pronunciation difficulties will likely sort themselves out in time. Yet many learners consider pronunciation to be the most difficult oral…

This study examined the effect of rater training on promoting inter-rater reliability in oral language assessment. It also investigated whether rater training and the consideration of the examinees' expectations by the examiners have any effect on test-takers' perceptions of being fairly evaluated. To this end, four raters scored 31 Iranian…

This mixed methods study compared IELTS examiners' scores when assessing spoken performances under live and two 'non-live' testing conditions using audio and video recordings. Six IELTS examiners assessed 36 test-takers' performances under the live, audio, and video rating conditions. Scores in the three rating modes were calibrated using the…

Teaching meaningful and productive mathematical argument in school requires teachers who are comfortable with diverse forms of mathematical justification. This study examines the written and oral justifications of pre-service middle school teachers (PSTs) in a single classroom, focusing on the types of justifications they use during the patterns…

Late exposure to the first language, as in the case of deaf children with hearing parents, hinders the production of linguistic expressions, even in adulthood. Less is known about the development of language soon after language exposure and if late exposure hinders all domains of language in children and adults. We compared late signing adults and…

This study aimed at exploring the role of conversation analysis (CA)-informed instruction to enhance learners' use of repair strategies in various oral interaction situations. A CA design, which emerged from ethnomethodology, was employed where it was also used as a data collection procedure and data analyses technique. The participants of the…

Monolingual studies contrasting memory for positive versus negative emotion-laden words have generally used single-trial paradigms and have produced inconsistent results (no difference or an advantage for either positive or negative valence). However, monolingual studies with multiple presentations of stimuli have consistently found a positivity…

This article explores the construction of multilingualism in the semiotic landscapes of two kindergartens, one in Norway and one in Germany. Semiotic landscape is here understood as the visual linguistic environment, including various semiotic resources, such as texts, symbols, drawings or pictures. In kindergarten, semiotic landscapes construct…

Children's experiences in preschool and kindergarten influence their future literacy learning. Although emergent literacy has traditionally been supported by play-based experiences, there has been a decline in play opportunities in recent years. Media publications citing the science of reading have called for more focus on systematic, direct…

Listening materials are commonly developed so students show their understanding of a specific oral discourse. Oral interactions provided in textbooks are resources in which different interactional practices are involved, repair practices being one of these. This article seeks to explore, first, the types of repair practices found in Spanish as a…

Text generation--the mental translation of ideas into language at word, sentence, and discourse levels--involves oral language abilities. However, oral language skills are rarely a target of writing interventions. We ran an intervention to improve fifth and 10th graders' written production through the development of oral sentence generation…

The COVID-19 pandemic led to rapid innovation among language assessment developers who had to adapt their testing processes to address various restrictions from governments and institutions. This overview introduces some of the challenges and opportunities test developers grappled with during this period as well as introduces the six commentaries…