The expansion of Advanced Placement (AP) programs to include students from underrepresented racial and ethnic minorities and those from less advantaged socioeconomic backgrounds has made it crucial to assess how effective AP courses and exams are for these groups. As AP programs become more popular, more high school students--especially freshmen…

Dialogic classroom discussions where students collaboratively share and reason through complex ideas are critical for achieving ambitious reform goals for student learning. However, K-12 classroom talk is predominantly characterized by monologic, "teacher-centered" discourse patterns that have proven exceedingly resilient to change.…

This study aimed to examine the learning progression (LP) model of scientific imagination among undergraduate students using the Scientific Imagination Test-Verbal (SIT-Verbal) and investigated the influence of students' demographic characteristics including gender, age, and discipline on their scientific imagination. Six hundred and sixteen…

The purpose of this research was to understand the influence of family on the educational trajectories of Sikh American college students. I conducted a qualitative study at various research sites and interviewed 30 self-identifying Sikh college students. The theoretical framework and data analysis of this research were guided by Funds of…

Learning progressions have become increasingly prevalent in mathematics education as they offer a fine-grain map of possible learning pathways a child may take within a particular domain. However, there is an opportunity to build upon this research in ways that consider learning from multiple perspectives. Many current forms of learning…

Our complex world requires multivariate reasoning to make sense of reality. Within this paper, we offer a sequence of activities designed to develop multivariate reasoning by explicitly connecting data and visualization. The activities were designed based on a hypothetical learning trajectory we conjectured for students with limited experience…

Educational process mining aims (EPM) to help teachers understand the overall learning process of their students. Although deep learning models have shown promising results in many domains, the event log dataset in many online courses may not be large enough for deep learning models to approximate the probability distribution of students' learning…

Who should evaluate the originality and task-appropriateness of a given idea has been a perennial debate among psychologists of creativity. Here, we argue that the most relevant evaluator of a given idea depends crucially on the level of expertise of the person who generated it. To build this argument, we draw on two complimentary theoretical…

Learning flow is an optimal state of engaged learning and total immersion, which is conducive to many academic outcomes. Although studies have examined how learning flow emerges, few have focused on the early foundations of its development. Drawing on Life History Theory, this study examines whether and how childhood environment is related to…

This article examines the processes of educational ethnography and questions the traditional use of the field notebook and research relationships. It forms part of an ongoing collaborative study analyzing university students' learning trajectories. Guided by inclusive ethics, the study proposes that researcher-participant collaboration is…

In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, educators and policymakers have scrambled to assess the impact on student learning. Popular metrics that have gained traction are the notions of "years of learning lost" or "months behind," which attempt to quantify the educational setbacks caused by the pandemic. The allure of these…

This dissertation explored the perspectives of stakeholders within a university-level Spanish Heritage Language (SHL) program in Arizona, focusing on their language ideologies and critical language education efforts. The study, rooted in Critical Language Awareness (CLA) and Culturally Sustaining Pedagogy (CSP) frameworks, challenges deficit-based…

The evolution of U.S. secondary school mathematics requirements throughout the 20th century included a significant shift towards more rigorous standards by the end of the century. Initially, many states required minimal or no mathematics for high school graduation. However, reforms led most states to adopt a 3-year mathematics requirement, with…

In 2020, two teachers and seven students participated in an action research project that sought to improve the teaching and learning of fractions in a New Zealand primary school. This research revealed that the collaborative creation of hypothetical learning trajectories was beneficial to the teachers' practice, content knowledge, and confidence,…

This study introduces a longitudinal diagnostic classification model, called the LTA+HDCM, which is a fusion of latent transition analysis (LTA; Collins & Flaherty, 2002; Collins & Wugalter, 1992) and the hierarchical diagnostic classification model (HDCM; Templin & Bradshaw, 2014). The primary goals in this study are (1) to evaluate…