In an examination of the way people store and retrieve information from advertising, this paper draws a distinction between "semantic" memory, which stores general knowledge about the world, and "episodic" memory, which stores information about specific events. It then argues that episodic memory plays a more significant role…

Literature in mathematic problem-solving suggests that learners store information in memory which helps them solve stereotyped algebra word problems. Cluster analysis has been used as an exploratory tool to infer the types of problems which have common representations in memory. This study compares the results of a hierarchical cluster analysis of…

Investigated the influence of success and failure experiences and expectancies on selective memory for positive versus negative personality information about oneself. Subjects correctly remembered their personality liabilities relatively less than their assets when they expected to succeed than when they expected to fail. The effects of expectancy…

Subjects learned 24 words from two categories to either a lenient or a stringent criterion and were then tested in an identification task. (Editor)

This study measured retention (after 5 and 10 years) of verbal material recited by a parent during infancy at stages of pre- and postsyllable differentiation. (GO)

Age-related changes in memory processes in children and adults were studied using a free recall monaural task which included manipulation of association value of words and presentation rate variables. (GO)

This study attempted to determine if white noise (an arousing stimulus), when presented at the time of recall, facilitates performance of second and fifth grade students, and if this effect generalizes across different kinds of learning tasks. Findings indicate that white noise produces improvements in performance in both age groups. (GO)

Spaced presentations of 12- and 15-word lists were better recalled when no task or an easy task intervened between presentations. Results indicate a lack of generality in Bjork and Allen's 1970 findings and a need for a two-factor theory of the spacing effect, and are evidence for a spacing effect. (CHK)

Teachers were assigned to experimental groups to learn a mathematical structure in a game playing situation. Those using patterns to learn the structure were generally successful while those relying on memory were not. (SD)

Modeling and attention-retention were examined in 20 boys (ages 9- to 14-years-old) attending a residential school for children with learning disabilities. (Author/DB)

Compared retention functions for children with those for young adults and elderly subjects in continuous recognition memory for words over retention intervals ranging from 2 minutes to 2 hours. (SDH)

Computer analysis of linguistic models leads the author to state that highly controlled transient memory should be considered in studies of the learning and use of grammar. (SD)

The experiments reported here attempted to examine the processing demands during a directed forgetting operation and to permit a comparison between pupillary response and secondary task performance as indexes of information processing. (Author/RK)