In trying to determine race and sex differences in earnings, some chapters in this volume examine the hypothesis that earnings differences are caused by skill differences. Findings indicate that skill differences cannot account for much of the earnings differences. Education levels required by various jobs are analyzed and compared to the actual…

Rural Africa includes some 80% of the African population; its people are poverty stricken, illiterate, ill-sheltered, and ill-nourished. These circumstances make rural development absolutely vital. However, past rural development policies have failed to take into consideration the structure and division of labor in the farm family, the traditional…

From 1964-71, 323 pairs of twins and 740 age-matched controls born in 1954-55, were investigated. Compared to schoolchildren in 1880 and 1940 the children in the present study were taller, reached maturity earlier and passed through puberty faster. No differences between socioeconomic strata defined by father's occupation and family income were…

The possibility that certain features of items on a reading comprehension test may lead to biased estimates of the reading achievement of particular subgroups of students was investigated. Item response data on the reading comprehension section of a frequently used achievement test were obtained from the Anchor Test Study data files. Eight…

PLAINTIFFS COMPLAINED THAT THE VALLEY SCHOOL, ONE OF THE ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS IN MANHASSET, NEW YORK, WAS SEGREGATED. NEGROES IN THE VALLEY AREA LIVED AT A LOW SOCIOECONOMIC LEVEL. TYPICALLY, THEIR CHILDREN WERE FROM 2 TO 3 YEARS BEHIND THE NORMS IN READING ACHIEVEMENT. EXCERPTS FROM THE COURT CASE, R. BLOCKER VERSUS THE BOARD OF EDUCATION OF…

A SOURCE OF SPECIFIC INFORMATION WAS DEVELOPED ON INSTRUCTIONAL PROGRAMS IN JUNIOR AND SENIOR HIGH SCHOOLS SERVING CONTRASTING SOCIOECONOMIC AREAS OF SEVEN LARGE CITIES OF THE MIDWESTERN UNITED STATES. THE INFORMATION SOUGHT IN THIS STUDY (GATHERED BY OBSERVATION, INTERVIEW, AND INVENTORY METHODS) FELL INTO TWO CATEGORIES--(1) DATA ABOUT THE…

THE PURPOSE OF THE STUDY WAS TO (1) IDENTIFY THE POPULATION PRESUMABLY EMPLOYABLE, UNEMPLOYED ADULTS, AGED 16 TO 72 IN A TIGHT LABOR MARKET AREA, (2) ASCERTAIN THEIR CHARACTERISTICS, (3) ASSESS EMPLOYMENT BARRIERS, NEEDS AND POTENTIAL, AND (4) DETERMINE SERVICES AND ACTION PROGRAMS NECESSARY TO MAKE THEM EMPLOYABLE. BETWEEN JULY AND OCTOBER 1966 A…

TWO MAJOR CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DEVELOPMENT PATTERNS OF ISRAEL'S SOCIAL STRUCTURE SINCE THE THIRTIES (SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGES, ESPECIALLY JEWISH IMMIGRATION FROM DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, AND A RAPID TRANSITION TO A TECHNOLOGICALLY BASED SOCIETY) HAVE NECESSITATED THE DEVELOPMENT OF A MASTER PLAN FOR EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH. THE RESEARCH PLAN INCLUDES…

THE AIM OF THIS STUDY WAS TO INVESTIGATE THE EFFECT OF SELECTED FACTORS ON THE OCCUPATIONAL STATUS OF A REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE OF 60 PESTICIDE DEALERS IN NEBRASKA. CORRELATION AND INTERCORRELATION COEFFICIENTS WERE COMPUTED AND CONTINGENCY TABLES WERE CONSTRUCTED. IT WAS FOUND THAT FORMAL EDUCATIONAL LEVEL CORRELATES WITH OCCUPATIONAL STATUS AND…

THREE EXPERIMENTS WERE CONDUCTED ON THE USE OF PROGRAMED INSTRUCTION TO TEACH GENERAL SCIENCE TO EIGHTH GRADE STUDENTS. THREE VISUAL STIMULUS MODES AND THREE AUDIO STIMULUS MODES WERE USED WITH EITHER LINEAR OR BRANCHING PROGRAMS AND SUBJECT CONTENT WHICH WAS EITHER NON-CONCRETE, CONCRETE, OR ACTION-PROCESS. LEARNER CHARACTERISTICS VARIED WERE IQ,…

IN THE CURRENT WAR ON POVERTY, THE POSITION OF THE COOPERATIVE EXTENSION SERVICE, WHICH HISTORICALLY HAS SERVED THE MIDDLE-CLASS FARMER, IS NOT WELL DEFINED. TO IDENTIFY FACTORS WHICH INHIBIT THE ADOPTION OF EXTENSION PROGRAMS FOR THE POOR, A STUDY WAS MADE OF THE SERVICE IN MIFFLIN COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA, AN APPALACHIAN AREA HAVING A HIGHER…

The research on which this report is based has aimed at an assessment of the nature of reform of education content and associated processes in developed Western nations as well as in the Arab world. Chapter 1 is designed to clarify the concept of "education content" and to specify processes involved in "content reform," as…

The bilingual education movement, begun in the 1960's and virtually mandated by the 1974 Supreme Court Lau vs. Nichols decision, is highly controversial due to public perceptions of bilingual programs; the apparent departure from traditional school language policy; and the concept of bilingual education as a strategy for realizing the social,…

This guide is for the incorporation of human relations education in the elementary and secondary school curricula. The primary purpose of each teaching unit is to promote an understanding of and respect for individual differences. Classroom activities listed involve the use of discussion and inquiry and cover self awareness, value clarification,…

The chapters in this volume summarize and analyze the first ten years of data of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics. Mary Corcoran and Martha Hill analyzed the economic burden of unemployment among heads of households. James Morgan takes various methodological approaches in studying the determinants of the number of work hours of male heads of…