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Peer reviewed
Direct linkWindsor, Jennifer; Kohnert, Kathryn; Lobitz, Kelann F.; Pham, Giang T. – American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 2010
Purpose: Identifying children with primary or specific language impairment (LI) in languages other than English continues to present a diagnostic challenge. This study examined the utility of English and Spanish nonword repetition (NWR) to identify children known to have LI. Method: Participants were 4 groups of school-age children (N = 187).…
Descriptors: Language Impairments, Monolingualism, Language Enrichment, Bilingualism
Kwong See, Sheree T.; Nicoladis, Elena – Educational Gerontology, 2010
This study examined young children's (M = 38 months) beliefs about the aging of language competence using a modified mutual exclusivity paradigm (cf. Markman, 1990). Children were shown pairs of objects (familiar and unfamiliar) and were asked by a younger and older experimenter to point to the object in the pair to which a novel non-word…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Stereotypes, Young Children, Beliefs
Eitan, Zohar; Timmers, Renee – Cognition, 2010
Though auditory pitch is customarily mapped in Western cultures onto spatial verticality (high-low), both anthropological reports and cognitive studies suggest that pitch may be mapped onto a wide variety of other domains. We collected a total number of 35 pitch mappings and investigated in four experiments how these mappings are used and…
Descriptors: Music, Figurative Language, Cognitive Processes, Intonation
Uebel, Henrik; Albrecht, Bjorn; Asherson, Philip; Borger, Norbert A.; Butler, Louise; Chen, Wai; Christiansen, Hanna; Heise, Alexander; Kuntsi, Jonna; Schafer, Ulrike; Andreou, Penny; Manor, Iris; Marco, Rafaela; Miranda, Ana; Mulligan, Aisling; Oades, Robert D.; van der Meere, Jaap; Faraone, Stephen V.; Rothenberger, Aribert; Banaschewski, Tobias – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2010
Background: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common and highly heritable child psychiatric disorders. There is strong evidence that children with ADHD show slower and more variable responses in tasks such as Go/Nogo tapping aspects of executive functions like sustained attention and response control which may be…
Descriptors: Siblings, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Genetics, Cognitive Processes
Bosson, Melanie S.; Hessels, Marco G. P.; Hessels-Schlatter, Christine; Berger, Jean-Louis; Kipfer, Nadine M.; Buchel, Fredi P. – Australian Journal of Learning Difficulties, 2010
Children with general learning difficulties commonly show lower school success and have a slower rate of learning. They show limited and inefficient strategy use in all kinds of tasks. Efficient strategy use requires a certain degree of metacognitive knowledge and executive control. A sample of 16 children (ages 8 to 12) with learning difficulties…
Descriptors: Learning Problems, Metacognition, Correlation, Learning Strategies
La Heij, Wido; Boelens, Harrie; Kuipers, Jan-Rouke – Language and Cognitive Processes, 2010
Cascade models of word production assume that during lexical access all activated concepts activate their names. In line with this view, it has been shown that naming an object's colour is facilitated when colour name and object name are phonologically related (e.g., "blue" and "blouse"). Prevor and Diamond's (2005) recent observation that…
Descriptors: Competition, Language Acquisition, Cognitive Processes, Models
Robidoux, Serje; Stolz, Jennifer; Besner, Derek – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2010
Two lexical decision experiments examined the joint effects of stimulus quality, semantic context, and cue-target associative strength when all factors were intermixed in a block of trials. Both experiments found a three-way interaction. Semantic context and stimulus quality interacted when associative strength between cue-target pairs was strong,…
Descriptors: Visual Stimuli, Semantics, Cues, Word Recognition
Cavanagh, James F.; Grundler, Theo O. J.; Frank, Michael J.; Allen, John J. B. – Neuropsychologia, 2010
Larger error-related negativities (ERNs) have been consistently found in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients, and are thought to reflect the activities of a hyperactive cortico-striatal circuit during action monitoring. We previously observed that obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptomatic students (non-patients) have larger ERNs during errors…
Descriptors: Competition, Patients, Memory, Anatomy
Iwasaki, Noriko; Vinson, David P.; Vigliocco, Gabriella – Language and Cognitive Processes, 2010
We investigate linguistic relativity effects by examining whether the grammatical count/mass distinction in English affects English speakers' semantic representations of noun referents, as compared with those of Japanese speakers, whose language does not grammatically distinguish nouns for countability. We used two tasks which are sensitive to…
Descriptors: Semantics, Nouns, Grammar, Japanese
Leppanen, Jukka; Peltola, Mikko J.; Mantymaa, Mirjami; Koivuluoma, Mikko; Salminen, Anni; Puura, Kaija – International Journal of Behavioral Development, 2010
To examine the ontogeny of emotion-attention interactions, we investigated whether infants exhibit adult-like biases in automatic and voluntary attentional processes towards fearful facial expressions. Heart rate and saccadic eye movements were measured from 7-month-old infants (n = 42) while viewing non-face control stimuli, and neutral, happy,…
Descriptors: Metabolism, Eye Movements, Physics, Infants
Stafford, Lorenzo D.; Brandaro, Nicola – Brain and Cognition, 2010
Recent research has looked at whether the expectancy of an emotion can account for subsequent valence specific laterality effects of prosodic emotion, though no research has examined this effect for facial emotion. In the study here (n = 58), we investigated this issue using two tasks; an emotional face perception task and a novel word task that…
Descriptors: Lateral Dominance, Role, Gender Differences, Emotional Response
Luk, Gigi; Anderson, John A. E.; Craik, Fergus I. M.; Grady, Cheryl; Bialystok, Ellen – Brain and Cognition, 2010
To examine the effects of bilingualism on cognitive control, we studied monolingual and bilingual young adults performing a flanker task with functional MRI. The trial types of primary interest for this report were incongruent and no-go trials, representing interference suppression and response inhibition, respectively. Response times were similar…
Descriptors: Reaction Time, Inhibition, Young Adults, Monolingualism
Thatcher, Karen L. – Psychology in the Schools, 2010
This study investigated kindergarten, preschool, and first-grade children who were typical or specific language impaired (SLI) to determine whether there were developmental differences in their phonological awareness abilities (i.e., syllable, onset/rime, phonemes). Results revealed a significant difference between children who were typical and…
Descriptors: Phonemes, Language Impairments, Phonological Awareness, Individual Differences
Cassano, Michael C.; Zeman, Janice L. – Developmental Psychology, 2010
The authors of this study investigated mothers' and fathers' socialization of their children's sadness. The particular focus was an examination of how socialization practices changed when parents' expectancies concerning their child's sadness management abilities were violated. Methods included an experimental manipulation and direct observation…
Descriptors: Feedback (Response), Socialization, Sex Stereotypes, Mothers
Kinjo, Hikari – International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 2010
Although much literature suggests that the age-related decline in episodic memory could be due to difficulties in binding features of information, previous studies focused mainly on memory of paired associations rather than memory of multiple bound features. In reality, however, there are many situations that require binding multiple features…
Descriptors: Young Adults, Short Term Memory, Memorization, Aging (Individuals)
