Discusses four levels of awareness (from simple letter substitution to cross-cultural transfer of technology) in how product developers view producing national language versions of their products. (SR)

Discusses the diverse and complex tasks of foreign language interpreters in the courtroom, focusing on the current legal status of interpreting in U.S. federal and state courts, the need for court interpreters in light of demographic changes and trends, and the different modes of interpretation used in courts. (47 references) (CB)

Details some of the issues regarding the publication and distribution of Spanish language children's books in the United States. Discusses books selected for translation, quality of translations, Spanish language books from outside the United States, and Spanish language books from the United States. Challenges educators to work toward improving…

Explains why technical communicators should help translators. Offers tips for creating "translation-friendly" documentation. Describes the research and design process used by the authors to create an online tutorial that provides technical communicators at a medical technology company the information they need to help them write and…

Examines features that make Wole Soyinka's poems bilingual and bicultural. Four linguistic strategies revealing features used in Yoruba poetic discourse are identified across Soyinka's four anthologies: literal translation, creative translation, transference, and stylistic translation. The study reveals that the native language and literary…

Presents a document-clustering algorithm that uses a term frequency vector for each document in a Japanese collection to produce a hierarchy in the form of a document classification tree. Introduces an application of this algorithm to a Japanese-to-English translation-aid system. (Author/LRW)

Asks what first-order language might be like if there were no way to talk, write, or sign about it--that is, what if there were no second-order metalanguage. By considering the consequences for writing, translation, pragmatics, semantics, and language acquisition and evolution, it is suggested that without second-order, reflexive properties,…

Explores the potential of translation as a survival strategy that enables business communication specialists to continue practicing the discipline and consider translation as a powerful heuristic proposing new questions about the research agenda for business communication and, ultimately, about its disciplinary character. Uses the term…

Discusses translation from a theoretical viewpoint and takes a closer look at specific translation problems and their solutions in the translations of the "Jolly Postman" books in Dutch. Concludes that only readers fluent in both languages and cultures can understand the particular form of dialogue between the source text and the target…

Suggests that in a world of interlinked economies and communication networks, the translation of pragmatic documents is prevalent, important, and costly. Treats concepts and practices of pragmatic translation, summarizes interviews with translators and translation professors (conducted in Morocco), and makes recommendations regarding language…

Studied a bilingual Italian-English aphasic patient who was very poor in categorizing Italian nouns for grammatical gender in explicit metalinguistic tasks, and was at chance when gender could not be inferred from the word's phonology. However, she showed a good ability to modify adjectives to match the gender of nouns in a task that involved…

Studied the reliability of a translation of the Offer Self-Image Questionnaire (OSIQ) (D. Offer and others, 1984) with 268 Finnish 13-year-olds, 83 of whom were tested a second time. Results support the reliability of the OSIQ for only four subscales. (SLD)

Responds to essays on translation norms and studies by Toury and Hermans, noting their differences and focusing more on Hermans' essay. The paper reads Hermans' essay in terms of his metaphors of translation regarding the passage through the theme of light. It examines the epistemological problem that the light imagery can suggest, and discusses…

Eight commentaries are provided on an article examining the means by which bilinguals control their two language systems. (Author/VWL)

Replies to commentaries written by eight peers in response to an article the author wrote on the means by which bilinguals control their two language systems and in which he proposed an inhibitory control model that embodies the principle that there are multiple levels of control. (Author/VWL)