Gives a brief history of the causes for the emergence of translation as a key to national survival and cultural change in China. Focuses on three significant translation phenomena: the role of translation as a vehicle for cultural change; the phenomenon of translating out of the mother tongue; and the relationship between translation and learning…

Provides English interpretations for a list of French expressions using animal imagery, focusing on those metaphors which are commonly used by contemporary French speakers. (CB)

Deals with a major difference between European languages and Chinese, namely the sparse use of anaphoric reference in Chinese. Suggests that the translator's way of rendering references will affect the interpretational potential of the text in the target language. (NKA)

Lists the winners of the 1991 children's book awards, including the Newbery Award (Jerry Spinelli); the Caldecott Award (David Macaulay); the Coretta Scott King Award (Mildred Taylor, author; Leo and Diane Dillon, illustrators); and the Mildred L. Batchelder Award (Rafik Shami, author; translated from Arabic by Rika Lesser). (LRW)

Notes resources for locating translation agencies and individual translators. Offers addresses for two new newsletters on international technical communication. (SR)

Presents goals of internationalism in children's literature; describes some problems; and suggests literature addressing young people's world understanding. Discusses the Batchelder Award, presented annually to an American publisher recognized for producing the most outstanding translated children's book. (RS)

Focuses on the most important problem translators are faced with when translating Mark Twain's "Huckleberry Finn" into German: how can the speech of The African-American Jim be rendered? Examines both orthographic and other linguistic strategies that have been used to differentiate Jim's voice over the last hundred years. (Author/VWL)

Examines a passage written by Freud, discussing the application of psychoanalysis to education and his daughter Anna. Discusses how the passage led to diverse interpretations in France in the 1970s and 1980s when only one French language translation was available. (Author/VWL)

Illustrates the productive potential of the norms concept in studying translations, exploring implications for viewing translation. Part 1 presents a historical case, using the concept of norms to explore translator choices. Part 2 posits a connection between norms and values (if translation is norm-governed, it cannot be value-free). The paper…

In response to two essays by Toury and Hermans on translation and norms, this paper takes issue with certain contentions from Toury's essay. Examines the grounds for a general theory of translation, discusses what translation is, presents a general theory of translation, and describes the chasm between professional and expectancy norms. (SM)

The purpose of this study is to conduct a cost analysis from an institutional perspective of translating an English-language survey instrument to Spanish. The authors conduct a process flow analysis of the steps required to create and validate a 30-page survey instrument with 211 items. The identified steps in the translation process cost $10,426.…

Grammatical metaphor in the form of nominalized processes is widely recognized as an important feature of scientific writing. It is also believed that this development began with Newton in the late 17th century. Linguistic development must however be seen against the background of the context in which it is produced. One of the elements which must…

This comparative study focuses on three editions of "Rose Blanche," Roberto Innocenti's picturebook portrayal of a young girl who discovers a Nazi concentration camp on the outskirts of her German city. The original text, written in French by Christophe Gallaz to accompany Innocenti's illustrations, was translated into English and published in the…

Amy Richlin, a professor of classics at the University of California at Los Angeles, has just translated "Poenulus," a comedy likely written between 224 B.C. and 184 B.C. by the Roman playwright Plautus. To make the comedy comprehensible for modern audiences, Richlin came up with with a bolder and deliberately controversial approach: Seek out…

This study examines the differential item functioning (DIF) of the English version and the Japanese-translated version of the Multiple Affect Adjective Check List--Revised (MAACL-R) using the logistic regression (LR) procedure. The results of the LR are supplemented by multiple group confirmatory factor analysis (MGCFA). A total of five items are…