Sixty-six children in three classrooms were tested at the end of their kindergarten year and again at the beginning of their first grade year to determine the effects of summer vacations on the gain or loss of beginning reading skills. The Letter and Word Reading Test, which was based on a developmental model of prereading and beginning reading,…

The major components of playfulness in kindergarten children are physical, social, and cognitive spontaneity, manifest joy, and sense of humor. Children who are highly playful also show high scores in divergent and creative thinking. Piaget postulated that after the age of 7 or 8 this quality is replaced by assimilating the objective facts of the…

A study was conducted to investigate the relationships between the cognitive variables of cognitive style, understanding of linguistic concepts, and knowledge of word boundaries, as well as their relationships to three measures of reading in beginning and more advanced readers. The children's Embedded Figures Test, a linguistic concept test, a…

The relationship of teacher self-concept, knowledge of skills for teaching reading, and teaching effectiveness as judged by reading supervisors was examined in a study of 101 primary school teachers. The teachers were administered self-concept and knowledge of reading tests, and the effectiveness of each teacher was evaluated by a reading…

The Socio-Sexual Knowledge and Attitudes Test was designed to measure the attitudes and knowledge of retarded individuals in fourteen areas: (1) anatomy/terminology; (2) dating; (3) marriage; (4) intimacy; (5) intercourse; (6) pregnancy, childbirth and childrearing; (8) masturbation; (9) homosexuality; (10) alcohol and drugs; (11) community risks…

THE PURPOSE OF THIS STUDY WAS TO DETERMINE THE LEVELS OF THINKING THAT CHARACTERIZED TRACK I AND TRACK IV CLASSES IN ENGLISH, MATHEMATICS, AND SOCIAL STUDIES AT THE EIGHTH GRADE LEVEL. THE DATA WERE GATHERED AT CENTRAL JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL, ALAMOGORDO, NEW MEXICO, BY OBSERVERS RECORDING THE VERBAL INTERCHANGES AND TEACHER-PUPIL TALK OR PUPIL-PUPIL…

THIS IS PART ONE OF A REPORT ON DISCUSSION LEADERSHIP TRAINING CONDUCTED BY THE SPEECH COMMUNICATION CENTER OF THE UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN (MILWAUKEE), DURING JUNE 1965 TO EQUIP RETURNED PEACE CORPS VOLUNTEERS TO SERVE AS FACILITATORS OF PEACE CORPS TRAINEE SMALL GROUP DISCUSSIONS. THE GOALS OF SMALL GROUP DISCUSSION ARE TO INTEGRATE THEORY AND…

Effects of participation by 904 elementary and secondary school social studies students in a political education project are discussed. Objectives of the project, entitled Improving Citizenship Education (ICE), are to assess student political knowledge (factual information, generalizations, principles, thinking and participatory skills), before…

The document reports on a study of how different environmental education curriculum units affected secondary students' knowledge of and attitudes toward energy and environmental issues. The sample consisted of 16 secondary science and social studies teachers and 32 classrooms with over 600 students in nine Colorado school districts. Eight teachers…

The hypotheses that interpersonal learning is more effective than individual learning in nonlinear tasks but that students learn relatively less from their teachers when the teachers have to teach a complex nonlinear rule than when they have to teach a simple linear rule was tested in an experiment following the social judgment theory…

This report compares two parent education groups with a control group on three measures of maternal knowledge and attitudes. The subjects were low income Black mothers with 18- to 24-month-old toddlers as of the beginning of the 2-year programs in 1974. The two programs were Levenstein's Toy Demonstration Program, in which mothers (N=26) observed…

A PRETEST, POST-TEST, AND RETENTION TEST OF 481 SOPHOMORE STUDENTS ENROLLED IN 33 WISCONSIN HIGH SCHOOLS OFFERING VOCATIONAL AGRICULTURE WERE CONDUCTED TO DETERMINE THE EFFECT OF INDIVIDUAL, HOME-FARM SITUATION, AND STUDENT SUPERVISED FARMING EXPERIENCE DIFFERENCES UPON ACQUIRING AND RETAINING LEARNING IN VOCATIONAL AGRICULTURE CLASSROOMS. EACH…

THE PURPOSE OF THE STUDY WAS TO COMPARE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF (1) LECTURE PRESENTATIONS, (2) LINEAR PROGRAM USE IN CLASS WITH AND WITHOUT DISCUSSION, AND (3) LINEAR PROGRAMS USED OUTSIDE OF CLASS WITH INCLASS PROBLEMS OR DISCUSSION. THE 126 COLLEGE STUDENTS ENROLLED IN A BACTERIOLOGY COURSE WERE RANDOMLY ASSIGNED TO THREE GROUPS. IN A SUCCEEDING…

The nature of the social studies and their international dimensions are examined. Discussion focuses on the definition of the social studies and the role of knowledge and ways of knowing in the social studies. In contrast to the social sciences, the social studies are designed primarily for instructional purposes. They include the substantive…

The relative effectiveness of including behavioral objectives, classified according to the major levels of cognition, in independent study materials for high school juniors is analyzed in this brief summary of the author's dissertation. The three major questions under consideration are whether: (1) the use of behavioral objectives has an effect…