Explored the relationships among acculturation, distrust of Whites, and AIDS knowledge for 171 African American adults. Results suggest that African American knowledge of AIDS transmission may be affected by distrust of Whites, with those who know the least about AIDS being the most distrustful. Implications for AIDS education are discussed. (SLD)

This paper reviews the literature on grammatical knowledge in language comprehension in the preschool years from the perspective of sensitivity to structural contrasts. Studies of both direct and indirect evidence of sensitivity to structural contrasts were evaluated and showed that there may be a developmental sequence of increasing sensitivity…

A study of 419 applicants to the University of Virginia's medical school compared preinterview and postinterview applicant ratings on six objective scales. Analysis found only ratings of commitment to serve others not significantly changed by the interview. Rating of familiarity with medical issues changed the most, and overall impression improved…

Agriculture/natural resources majors (n=36) and communication arts and sciences majors (n=20) were all reasonably knowledgeable about Michigan geography, but less so about the United States and the world. Although ag students were more knowledgeable, both groups displayed gaps in knowledge of international agriculture issues. (SK)

This article details the qualitative results of focus groups with adults who are visually impaired and received assistive technology (AT) training (n=55) and with AT trainers (n=48). Participants described the state of AT training at the beginning of the 21st century from their perspectives as students and teachers. (Contains 4 references.)…

Compared tutoring episodes where tutoring did and did not cause learning in university physics students to inform design of intelligent tutoring systems. Found that when students were not at an impasse, learning was uncommon regardless of the tutorial explanations employed. When students were at an impasse, tutorial explanations were sometimes…

Utilizes a 32-item survey instrument to measure knowledge and attitudes of 5th and 6th grade students regarding sea turtle conservation on Zakynthos, Greece. Results indicate low knowledge scores and high scores for attitudes, but an overall positive correlation between knowledge and attitudes. Knowledge, understanding and/or concern, and locus of…

This article compared views of 23 incarcerated and 23 non-incarcerated female adolescents about their performance and knowledge of communication. Although findings on pragmatic practices and on knowledge of conversational rules were similar for the two groups, views of the incarcerated teenagers suggested they did not perceive themselves as…

Criticizes environmental education efforts for failing to teach children how to make environmental decisions. States that environmental education has constructed no agreed-upon paradigm for how environmental literacy is delivered, focuses too much attention on words such as "awareness" and "values" and too little on knowledge…

The validity of the Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB) in predicting mechanical job performance was studied with 891 automotive and 522 helicopter mechanics. The mechanical maintenance component of the ASVAB predicted hands-on performance, job knowledge, and training grades quite well, but experience was more predictive of…

Uses an interrogation strategy to investigate whether learners would utilize stereotypic prior knowledge when asked to learn factual information about men and/or women. Focuses on male and female undergraduate students (n=120) who studied facts on men, women, or both genders. Includes references. (CMK)

Investigated the effect of a 3-week school-based nutrition education program on nutrition knowledge and healthy food choices of fifth graders randomly assigned to experimental or control group. Found that the experimental group exhibited a significant increase in nutrition knowledge from pretest to posttest and significant change in compliance in…

Describes the kinds of literacy knowledge ("knowing in doing") preschool children may express during play. Provides evidence of literacy understanding, strategies, and skills as children negotiate routines, roles, and rules in play. Discusses how literacy in play differs from the literacy learning later demanded in school, and includes…

This case study reports on the development that resulted when a Canadian elementary school teacher explored multiple intelligences theory and used it as a guide in curriculum planning and curriculum practice. The critical self-reflection made the teacher more adept at integrating many aspects of her professional knowledge. (SLD)

Clarifies features of Smith et al.'s attentional learning account of object naming, arguing that Booth and Waxman's findings address tenets not in the attentional learning account while not addressing one of the central tenets of the attentional learning account. Suggests that the debate about the nature of children's language and cognition would…