This study examined instructional leadership in eight diverse secondary schools in four urban, suburban, and small-city school districts in one western state. The aim was to gain access to a set of schools that provided both variety in instructional leadership and diversity in school size, organization, grade level, faculty and student…

Efforts of the U.S. Department of Education to verify data submitted by applicants to the Pell Grant program were analyzed by the General Accounting Office. The effects of carrying out the Department's policy or methodology, called "validation," on financial aid applicants and colleges were assessed. Costs of 1982-1983 validation on…

This conference report covers the Higher Education Amendments of 1986. The following titles of the Higher Education Act are amended: Title I, Postsecondary Programs for Nontraditional Students; Title II, Libraries; Title III, Institutional Aid; Title IV, Student Assistance; Title V, Teacher Training and Development; Title VI, International…

This brochure is designed to acquaint persons involved in elementary and secondary instruction in New York State with State syllabi and the State testing program. The New York State testing program was mandated to measure student achievement and program effectiveness in the areas of mathematics, English language arts (reading and writing),…

Results of the 1987 assessments of grades 4, 5, 7, 9, and 11 in South Carolina public schools are summarized. The Comprehensive Tests of Basic Skills, Form U, was administered to 222,956 South Carolina students in these grades. Achievement levels of grades 4, 5, and 7 were above the national median in all seven areas tested (reading, spelling,…

Jonathan Turner Junior High School, in Jacksonville, Illinois, identified 121 7th- and 8th-grade students as being below grade level in one or more subject areas. A special program for slow learners was designed, which called for classes of no more than 20 students. The program was successfully initiated without special funding or added personnel.…

This guide presents research-based teaching strategies to assist teachers in implementing the Essential Learning Skills--symbol systems, literal meaning of information, implied meaning of information, evaluation of content and use of communication skills, expression of ideas, reasoning and study skills--in all curriculum areas. The first of three…

When asked by the business department for a language component for its new area of concentration in international business, the modern language department of a small liberal arts college capitalized on a recently devised competence-based curriculum. The curriculum, established in the college's general education curriculum as an alternate track to…

Following an explanation of the Eureka Project, which studies the financing of higher education opportunities in California, introductory information is provided on the effects of student financial aid in California on both students and colleges. Some points to be considered in understanding the relationship between student aid and institutional…

The Niels Brock School of International Business in Denmark, an upper-division institution, offers a unique program in which students spend half of their time at the school and half in a real job in a participating export company. The participating companies are actively involved in developing program content and design, including joint…

Fifteen papers from the University of South Africa's Conference on Distance Education are presented on professional education and practical training. They include: "The Art Work: From Concept to Realization" (Leon du Plessis and Koos van der Watt); "Distance Education for Industrial, Professional, and Practical Training" (Jacob…

This report presents information on the third year (1986-87) of the third cycle of Rockland Community College's (RCC) Special Services Project, a program providing remedial and English as a Second Language (ESL) instruction, counseling, and tutorial services for educationally and economically disadvantaged students. The report examines the…

Students from different ethnic backgrounds respond differently to a mutually experienced school environment. In this study, 804 students in five multiethnic urban middle schools in New York State were surveyed using the Elementary and Secondary Environment Index, a companion to the Organizational Climate Index. Each school's population was broken…

This symposium focused on the special needs of visually handicapped infants and young children. Texts of 48 papers are presented, including keynote addresses by W. Aubrey Webson ("The First Steps") and Heather Hewitt ("First Steps--Parenting, Prevention and Programming"). Regional reports are provided for Japan, Bangladesh, the…

Schools are more effective for students from strong family backgrounds than for those from weak ones as a result of the interaction between the resources devoted by the family to the child's education, and the resources provided by the school. The elements the family supplies towards the child's education must be developed through investment in…