Contends that the measure of a student's background knowledge and interest in an area of study significantly affect student ratings of instructors and courses. (MH)

This study examines the future of adult fitness from the perspective of experts. The Delphi Technique was used as a measurement tool. Findings revealed that the experts most relied on increased awareness of health and fitness among the elderly as a significant predictor variable. (Author/CB)

Presented series of biographical passages to young and older adults to examine how semantic memory store of previously acquired knowledge affects ability to retain textual information. Older adults had difficulty in delayed, but not in immediate, recognition condition. Suggests that as older adults' episodic memory deteriorated, they could not…

Surveyed 396 sexually experienced college students. Results indicated that, compared to early coital initiators, late coital initiators were more effective contraceptors during initial coitus, had more committed relationships with initial sex partners, engaged in more contraceptive use discussion and planning, and used more authoritative and…

Examined the validity of the knowledge-attitudes-behavior model of alcohol consumption with a group of first-time, full-time college students (N=432) at the State University of New York at Buffalo. Asserts that there is a relationship between people's knowledge about alcohol, their attitudes concerning alcohol, and their behavior relating to…

An approach to translation focusing on the translator's ability to integrate his knowledge of psychology, philosophy, and sociology with linguistic skills is proposed, and its implications for the practice of translation are examined. (MSE)

The knowledge, beliefs, and sources of information of high school students concerning AIDS were examined. Results are discussed. (Author/DF)

Investigation of examiners' (N=44) evaluations of writing performance of learning-disabled (LD) students indicated that the LD label influenced ratings assigned by examiners (undergraduate education students) who were simply familiarized with the scoring procedure. Evaluations by examiners who received additional practice and training were not…

Reports the results of a survey of the knowledge and awareness of Latin America among the Portsmouth Polytechnic geography faculty, the general faculty, and incoming students. Results show marked differences among the groups. Concludes that a solution must be found for balancing the present theoretical and conceptual approach to geography with an…

Growing sophistication about computer use among students and faculty, ready availability of microcomputers, and rapid advances in technology and software have led to more computing in all courses. While computer literacy used to mean programing, it now means familiarity with the technology and its everyday applications. (MSE)

Potential hazards and dangers of using the token economy approach to behavior change with head injured individuals are identified and it is suggested that the injured person's active awareness of reinforcement contingencies may sometimes be deleterious. (DB)

Results of surveying 440 teachers indicated most teachers believed they had never had an abused or neglected child in class, that they would recognize signs of physical abuse but not sexual abuse, and that they knew their responsibilities under law (though few would report suspected cases if parents or principal objected). (DB)

The article reviews Intelligent Computer Assisted Instruction (ICAI), an area of artificial intelligence and notes its shortcomings for learning disabled students. It is suggested that emphasis on antecedent knowledge (important facts, concepts, rules, and/or strategies for the content area) and content analysis and design techniques would make…

Discusses public concern over geographic illiteracy among elementary and secondary students in the United States. Describes place identification, place content, spatial patterns and relations, and theory as the interrelated components of geographic learning. Asserts that, although universities must necessarily emphasize the latter two, elementary…

Involving second, fourth, sixth, eighth, and tenth graders and undergraduates, three experiments evaluated the prediction that representations of knowledge of the weeks and months of the year develop from a verbal-list stage to a stage at which image representations are present. Results are interpreted as supporting the two-stage model and appear…