Proposes that the field of counselor supervision is in a recursive process of knowledge development including theory exploration, theory testing, theory enhancement, and theory transformation. This development will assist counselor supervisors to synthesize multiple perspectives and options so that they can better meet the challenges of an…

Explores the issues involved in integrating the spiritual dimension into traditional counselor education by creating a joint community and addictions-counseling master's program based on a hybrid of the wounded-healer and wellness models. Presents a theoretical discussion of the model. Describes an experimental master's program based on the model.…

Examined relationship between children's ability to infer the veracity of an adult's statement and the adult's informedness. Found that children tended to believe utterances from speakers who were better informed than they themselves were and to disbelieve less well-informed speakers, with no age-related differences. Children gave explicit…

Studied the effects of the location (community-based or hospital-based) and the structure of an ambulatory clerkship for medical students on cognitive knowledge and clinical performance. Results from 176 students suggest that something about the rotational structure of the multidisciplinary ambulatory clerkship does affect clinical ratings of…

Examines how children (ages 6-7 and 10-11) interpret and respond to representations of sexual behavior on television and how they define what is appropriate for themselves and for children in general. Examines, through discourse analysis, how children's discussions of these issues serve as a form of "identity work," through which they…

Links the literatures on human abilities and expertise, suggesting that human abilities are a form of developing expertise. Discusses the role of tests in a scheme that regards abilities as developing expertise and presents a model that implies a shift toward practice grounded in the development of knowledge-based expertise in all children.…

Interviewed foster and biological mothers regarding understanding of children's insecure attachment strategies and knowledge of foster-care issues. Found that foster mothers reported more attachment-related difficulties with foster children than did biological mothers with their natural children. Foster and biological mothers did not differ in…

Considers the attitudes and beliefs of college students in mathematics courses toward mathematics. Classifies students according to variables such as academic major, mathematical background, and gender. Discusses students' initial attitudes and changes in their attitudes identified over the course of one semester. Contains 16 references.…

Discusses the problem-based learning format as it relates to the education of medical students. Describes key objectives in the education of physicians and questions how effective medical schools are in achieving those key objectives using a problem-based format. (CCM)

Two experiments examined development of economic understanding among 5-, 7- and 9-year-olds. Found that most 5-year-olds understood the goal of acquiring desired goods, and most 7- and 9-year-olds also understood the goals of seeking profits, acquiring goods inexpensively, and competing successfully with other sellers. Results suggest that older…

Describes an approach to monitoring and assessing the processes and outcomes associated with the movement of communities from dependency to self-determination and self-reliance. Presents a Self-Determination/Reliance model constructed along dimensions of accountability, decision making, information, knowledge and skills, and resource mobilization.…

Presents the results of a study examining fear of AIDS and the level of AIDS knowledge and homophobia among student affairs administrators and faculty members. Student affairs administrators were found to have more knowledge and less fear of AIDS than faculty members. Presents a discussion of these results and recommendations for practice.…

Developed a new instrument, the Basic Technology Competencies for Educators Inventory (BTCEI), using the responses of 437 undergraduate and graduate teacher education students. Results support the theoretical structure of the BTCEI. Scores for the nine domains had high internal consistency reliability and adequate stability reliability. (SLD)

Knowledge of derivational suffix meanings was investigated in 10 subjects (ages 10-12) with language learning disabilities and typical peers. Students produced derived forms from nonce bases in an elicitation task and selected derived forms in a forced choice task. Elicitation task accuracy of subjects fell substantially below that of peers.…

Explores the influence of offering different instructions to undergraduate students prior to their learning an expository text on evolutionary biology. Participants were asked to either explain, summarize, or listen to another's explanation. Overall, explainers outperformed summarizers. Moreover, the teach-through-explanation condition had the…