To explore how knowledge influences opinion in foreign policy, results of a survey on voter familiarity with and attitude toward nuclear policy issues were compared with three theoretical models of the knowledge/opinion relationship: (1) the enlightenment model--as knowledge increases, support for belligerent foreign policy stands decreases; (2)…

The study compared knowledge of special education laws, policies, and procedures of various groups of 87 elementary and 33 middle school teachers (N=120). Ss were categorized by years of teaching experience, grade levels taught, subjects taught, and sources of information about P.L. 94-142, the Education For All Handicapped Children Act. An…

Most research on Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) has been medical and most social science research on AIDS has been concerned with social factors in its spread and with social-psychological effects of contracting AIDS. This study was conducted to examine public attitudes toward, and public knowledge about AIDS. Knowledge about AIDS was…

To determine the impact of preservice education on students qualifying for secondary certification and secondary teachers' perceived knowledge and attitudes and actual experiences related to P.L. 94-142 (The Education For All Handicapped Children Act), 114 students qualifying for secondary certification and 56 regular secondary classroom teachers…

A task was developed to allow young children to demonstrate their understanding of opposite-valence simultaneous emotions. A total of 69 children in grades K, 2, 4, and 6 heard eight very brief stories describing everyday events expected to arouse conflicting feelings toward a single target. For four of the stories, subjects were asked to detect…

This study investigated novice and expert problem solving behavior in management to examine the role of domain specific knowledge on problem solving processes. Forty-one middle level marketing managers in a large petrochemical organization provided think aloud protocols in response to two hypothetical management scenarios. Protocol analysis…

This study examines the relationship between knowledge and attitudes with respect to nuclear issues, including the nuclear freeze proposal, MX missle, and Strategic Defense Initiative. Adults (N=750) drawn from a list of registered voters in Los Angeles County were sent a 53-item questionnaire. Of the respondents, 64 percent were male, 53 percent…

A survey of 71 elementary school and 39 middle school principals in Bronx County, New York, was designed to compare their knowledge and attitudes regarding placement of handicapped children in the most appropriate least restrictive environment and to examine the effects of experience and background on their knowledge and attitudes. The principals…

From a cognitive perspective, racial bias is evident when raters weigh job-relevant information differentially as a function of ratee race. The results of studies that have examined this issue have been conflicting. Meta-analytic procedures were used to provide more definitive conclusions as to whether supervisor ratings are more strongly related…

Forty rural adults of British Columbia participated in a simulation game using land capability data to teach rural adults certain principles and competencies required for effective land use planning. (EA)

An assessment of the clinical nutritional knowledge of third- and fourth-year medical students and practicing physicians revealed that overall nutritional knowledge is modest and that knowledge is highest among topics which have received the most publicity in the popular press. Methodology and specific findings are included. (JT)

Comprehension of a sentence entails constructing a particularized and elaborated mental representation, and this process depends more heavily on knowledge of the world and analysis of context than is generally appreciated. Existing associative or semantic network theories would be strained to accomodate this data. (Author/BJG)

The present study attempted to identify factors associated with memory deficits in 36 learning disabled and 36 normal children in grades 3 and 5. Ss were given free and serial recall tasks and interviewed about their understanding of memory processes. Deficits in the recall of the learning disabled children were found, as expected. Examination of…

The purpose of this study was to compare the knowledge and attitude test results of a student-led discussion group in two college-level introductory health courses. The 70 students enrolled in the courses were divided into eight groups represented as equally as possible concerning sex, age, year, and major in school. Student discussion leaders…