A summary is given of investigations examining the attitudes of five- to twelve-year old children concerning (1) definitions of health and illness, (2) concepts of causation and prevention, (3) perceptions of vulnerability, and (4) use of health care providers, and suggestions are presented for implementing specific educational processes based on…

The author describes the use of the task analysis approach in health education curriculum development and describes several instruments developed for this purpose. (MB)

Members of the Minnesota capitol press corps were polled concerning their assessment of their peers' knowledge about legislative issues and their interest in presenting the truth. (GW)

States that educational researchers have very little knowledge that they know for certain. Provides an overview of the relationship between research and philosophy, addressing three questions: (1) What is real in education? (2) What can be known about educational reality? (3) What is the relationship between educational research and what we know…

Introduces four categories of teaching knowledge: the "folkways of teaching,""local mores,""private views," and "teaching expertise." Analyzes the "folkways of teaching," arguing that they are known by acquaintance, through participation, and as common sense. (Author/JDH)

Discusses development of rational set generator--an overall method for creating a rational set of examples to teach concepts and evaluate student knowledge levels--which combines formulas for creating examples measuring discrimination and generalization. Also discussed are results of a study to test the efficacy of a rational set generator. (MBR)

Compared the effectiveness of threat and benefit appeal approaches in presenting written nutrition information to adults (N=1500). Questionnaires mailed to respondents focused on items which measured the comparative influence of the approaches on changes in attitudes, behavior, and knowledge level. (JN)

Uncertainty about attributions of works of art and shifts in opinion leading to reattributions are intensifying the study of connoisseurship, the process by which an art historian or curator seeks to determine who made a work of art. (MSE)

This study assessed both knowledge of and sources of information about Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome in a sample of 161 university students using a 20-item forced-choice inventory. Results are discussed, and implications for health education are identified. (Author/MT)

Analysis of 227 questionnaire responses concerning opinions and knowledge of psychotropic drugs of direct caregivers in two New Zealand public residential facilities for the retarded indicated a preference for subjective assessment of drug effects, endorsement of behavior modification as an alternative to pharmacotherapy, and dissatisfaction with…

Examined the relationship between the knowledge and attitudes of nursing home caretakers toward elderly sexuality, looking at certain sociodemographic and institutional factors. The more knowledge providers possessed, the more restrictive their attitudes toward elderly sexuality. Education, religiosity, position, nursing education, time in current…

Introspective experiences that nine University of Tulsa (Oklahoma) faculty members (aged 29-52 years) have when acquiring cognitive skills without awareness were studied as they acquired nonconscious knowledge about a pattern of stimuli. Nonconsciously acquired knowledge was automatically used to facilitate performance, without conscious…

Suggests an augmented role for reading and comprehension in the expansion of students' knowledge base and the development of ethical values. Suggests that one class hour each day be spent reading works of high literary quality reflecting the mores and moral standards of civilized society. (DMM)

The article outlines an approach to memory remediation that attempts to teach memory-impaired patients domain-specific knowledge relevant to their everyday functioning. Studies support the use of a training technique, the method of vanishing cues, in the successful generalization to the workplace of knowledge acquired in the laboratory. (DB)

Qualities associated with innovation are: intelligence quotient, subject matter expertise, lack of conventionality, effectiveness in ambiguity, strong sense of self, separation of motivator from hygiene values, control of anxiety, control of careerism, intuition, and a passionate enjoyment of life. Barriers to innovation include organizational…