Describes knowledge, limitations of practicing physicians, and barriers to their greater understanding of environmental medicine. A current widespread lack of emphasis on environmental health topics at U.S. medical schools is discussed, as well as special environmental education programs and initiatives among medical specialty organizations. (LZ)

The problem of providing a systematic understanding of Language Awareness (LA) is reviewed. Topics covered include principles behind the various terms used to refer to LA and types of knowledge about language, intervention, and the value of studying genre awareness. (39 references) (Author/LB)

Notes that, although many convicted drinking driver programs use knowledge acquisition as their main objective, many convicted drinking drivers already have great deal of knowledge about effects of alcohol. Describes level of knowledge of 100 convicted drinking drivers and gives recommendations for more relevant programs and programs that have a…

Levels of alcohol knowledge, consumption and problems among college students in 1983 and 1988 were compared. Although the drinking age was raised to 21 in the state and alcohol awareness program was in existence at university, no significant differences were found between 2 samples in alcohol knowledge, consumption, or problems. (Author/ABL)

The notion that inferences contributing to coherence of a text representation are made during reading is examined. It is demonstrated that this idea is an overgeneralization and that one must distinguish between relations internal to the structure of the representation and relations that involve references to the world. (27 references) (Author/LB)

Discusses young children's learning in depth versus superficial learning, and presents the results of a study designed to assess 5-year olds' competence in physical knowledge. Found that the majority of children could identify basic principles, such as the floating and sinking properties of objects, but could not grasp more advanced ideas such as…

Four-month intervention program gave adolescent mothers (n=76) major input in identifying knowledge they needed concerning their children's growth and their own parenting skills. Results revealed significant differences between participants' pre- and posttest scores on measures of infant and toddler development knowledge. Further analysis…

Investigated whether psychologists possess psychometric knowledge necessary to evaluate discrepancies within individual's test performance with sufficient accuracy to ensure reliable decision making. Only 8.7% of 287 school psychologists were able to correctly evaluate whether 4 sets of ability-achievement scores reflected chance measurement…

Examined differences among certified rehabilitation counselors (n=1,535) in level of importance attributed to various knowledge domains. Found that grouping respondents according to employment setting and job title accounted for most frequent differences in knowledge importance among all variables examined. Respondents' educational background and…

Responses from 2,121 of 3,200 professionals employed in aging indicated they used substantial aging-specific knowledge in the areas of health, program planning and policy, and services. All 14 knowledge items were used daily by 30%; some were used by as many as 70-80%. (SK)

Palmore's Facts on Aging Quiz, Knowledge of Aging and the Elderly scale, and Aging Semantic Differential were completed by 387 college students aged 17-85. Knowledge scores were not related to measures of attitudes toward older adults. Older students had higher knowledge scores and more positive attitudes. (SK)

Surveyed knowledge, use, and attitudes about curriculum-based assessment (CBA) among school psychologists (n-228). Found that 46% of respondents had used CBA; but only 18% of users had used CBA consistently. Psychologists viewed CBA as less biased than published standardized tests for assessment of children from culturally diverse groups and…

The general monitoring skill hypothesis states that skilled adult learners monitor their comprehension using domain-general metacognitive knowledge and domain-specific knowledge. Results with 192 undergraduates indicate that monitoring skills are correlated across multiple domains and that individuals may possess separate monitoring skills for…

Discusses what is important in teaching and learning mathematics, mathematics curriculum, types of mathematical knowledge, and reform movements in these areas. (ASK)

Three experiments examined 3- to 5-year olds' understanding of the intended nature of pretend behavior. Found that 4-year olds understood intention as a mental cause of action and construed pretend behaviors mentalistically, but systematically associated ignorance of a specific animal with pretending to be that animal. Concludes that Lillard's…