Investigates the evidence that the imperfect performance in forward search of 36 children aged four and five years resulted from unstable execution of the correct component processes. Evidence suggests that five-year-olds engaged in forward search, but four-year-olds used only a rudimentary form of forward search. (RJC)

Two-year-olds' difficulty with rule execution was examined through one of six tasks: a task assessing knowledge about a series of items, a deductive card sort requiring the use of knowledge to sort items by rules, and four modifications of the card sort. Found that the toddlers performed better on the knowledge task than the other tasks. (MDM)

Presents critical review of literature regarding individuals' knowledge and their attitudes toward elderly sexuality. Notes generally positive relationship discovered between various age cohorts' depth of knowledge and their permissiveness of attitudes. Also notes that some health care providers demonstrated negative relationship between their…

Assessed social workers' (n=379) knowledge about human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Results showed that social workers had much to learn about Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS); less than half the questions were answered correctly. Respondents had most information about transmission of virus and least about impact of epidemic…

Interviews research mathematicians (n=70) with a focus on how they came to know mathematics. Discusses how these mathematicians understand their practices, locating them in the communities of which they claim membership, identifying the style that dominates their organization of research, and looking at their lived contradictions. Contains 14…

In two experiments, 4- to 6-year-olds made judgments about the knowledge of a protagonist who had only partial information about an object they had full knowledge of. Found surprising discrepancy in performance in the two tasks, which appear superficially to require handling of same properties of the representational mind, indicating that current…

Studied state school counselor certification requirements with respect to program evaluation expectations. Responses of state certification offices show 19 states and the District of Columbia require some form of program evaluation knowledge and skills, but only Colorado and Washington require knowledge of the program evaluation standards…

Defines information and management and the importance of realizing the difference between the two terms. Looks at knowledge management and how it interfaces with electronic learning. (JOW)

Nurses in a critical care nursing course to prepare them for certification (n=57) were compared with 30 controls. Precourse, course completion, and 6-month follow-up data showed that course participants had significantly higher knowledge scores upon completion and retained knowledge after 6 months. (Contains 30 references.) (SK)

Investigated the concept of wisdom in Taiwanese Chinese culture by examining implicit theories of wisdom. Researchers compiled a master list of a wise person's behavioral attributes from the responses of Taiwanese adults, Another group of adults rated the master list. Participants had well-formed conceptions of wisdom involving competencies and…

The current fervor for highly specified standards for each academic discipline requires students to view reality as composed of fragmented and unrelated bits of information. In this article, the author argues that what students really need is a system for organizing and integrating what they know so that they can understand the "big picture."…

Musicians make music; that is, the performance of music involves applied knowledge or know-how. Can a discursive understanding of what the musician does be attained, and does the attempt to achieve this put at risk the very art it aims to capture? In other words, what can be said of the nature of performance and does what is said turn a living…

The catalogue of conceptions that students are said to have concerning the different topics of the science curriculum is so great that some authors consider this line of research to be exhausted. However, others insist on the need to re-examine students' conceptions in order to better describe them using new theoretical, contexts and research…

This article critically examines the view that the signal detection theory (SDT) interpretation of the remember-know (RK) paradigm has been ruled out by the evidence. The author evaluates 5 empirical arguments against a database of 72 studies reporting RK data under 400 different conditions. These arguments concern (a) the functional independence…

This selection from John Henry Newman is from a series of discourses he delivered in Dublin in 1852, later appearing in the first part if his classic work, "The Idea of a University." John Henry Newman's university has done its work when its charges can reach outward and grasp the truth. The process goes beyond communication of knowledge to…