Both 4- and 7-year-old children readily reformulated their initial messages when explicitly requested to do so by the listener, and both failed to reformulate when confronted only with nonverbal, facial expressions of listener noncomprehension. (Authors)

Statistical findings based on some 200 research measurements made over a two-year period on students in a four semester program in Creative Studies at Buffalo State University College. (CB)

Internals, but not externals, used time in a manner systematically related to item difficulty. These differences in time utilization may explain why the sense of control variable, although unrelated to ability, is a predictor of achievement test scores. (Authors/CB)

It can be concluded from the results of this study that beginning wind students can learn to perceive beats and perceive when they are eliminated, that beginning wind students can learn to match unison pitches by the beat elimination process, and that most beginning wind students can use the beat elimination process to achieve correct intonation.…

To the authors' knowledge, this is the first conclusive demonstration that an observer's spontaneous verbalizations can interfere with vicarious rule learning. (Authors)

Results of the present and previous studies indicate the consistency of achieving improved performance through the low comparison level. (Author)

The results of this study indicate that induction combined with withdrawal of love is no more effective as a punishment technique for the development of at least one aspect of conscience--self-criticism--than withdrawal of material reward. (Authors)

Study pits two competing hypotheses, demand characteristics hypothesis and subject commitment hypothesis, against one another in a laboratory context by manipulating subjects' anonymity. (CB)

Results indicate that when subjects are given explicit instructions as to the interlist relationship and when the transfer list is presented at a relatively slow rate, both positive and negative transfer effects may be obtained in the serial/paired-associate paradigm. (Author)

Purpose of the present experiment was to investigate further the free recall of bilingually mixed lists as well as to look at the possibility of negative transfer when Ss are asked to learn a subset of the items which is made up of only one of the two languages previously presented. (Authors)

Results of this study demonstrate that constraint-seeking conceptual strategies can be trained in children as young as 6 years of age. (Authors/CB)

The development of children's conceptualization of various roles appears to parallel general conceptual development. That is, there appears to be a developmental progression from role concepts based on concrete-specific acts and details to those based on general abstract functions. (Author)

Experiment attempts to manipulate experimentally the degree of control present in children four years of age. (Author)

This investigation of 133 first grade Ss (25 percent Hispano--75 percent Anglo and 50 percent male), found no significant correlations between objective scores of young children's self-concept and their first or second grade reading achievement. (Author)

The aim of this paper has been to develop a coherent account of covert operations involved in reading and comprehension, naming, and comparisons of names and shapes. (Author)