Examples are given of problems which can be solved pictorially, thus aiding in the general development of geometric intuition and in developing some of the basic ideas of probability. (MP)

Replies to Stephen E. Robinson's article on the role of fuzzy set theory in information science (Journal of the American Society for Information Science; v29 n6 Nov 1978), particularly with regard to Robinson's discussions of uncertainty, min/max connectives, and relevance. (FM)

Responds to Barbara A. Cerny's reaction to Robinson's article on the role of fuzzy set theory in information science, addressing Cerny's points about probability theory and statistical uncertainty. (FM)

This study investigates the effects on achievement of allowing students to ask questions before homework is collected v allowing questions only after homework has been graded and returned. Results indicate allowing questions before homework is collected is the superior method. (MK)

Social scientists have available a wide array of techniques for the analysis of complex contingency tables. Considerations in choosing from among the techniques are discussed. The theme emphasized here is that the analyst should evaluate the techniques within the context of the substantive questions of the study. (Author/JKS)

Presents a new derivation based on simple theorems of probability theory for the established system of equations describing successive decay transitions of quantum systems. It is indicated that this derivation that has a quantum-mechanical foundation might be more appealing to applied physicists than other derivations. (HM)

Testing procedures which involve testees assigning probabilities of correctness to all multiple choice alternatives is examined. Two basic assumptions in these procedures are reviewed. Empirical examinee response data are examined and it is suggested that these assumptions should not be taken lightly in empirical studies of personal probability…

Within the beta-binomial Bayesian framework, procedures are described for the evaluation of the kappa index of reliability on the basis of one administration of a domain-referenced test. Major factors affecting this index include cutoff score, test score variability and test length. Empirical data which substantiate some theoretical trends deduced…

A number of different reliability coefficients have recently been proposed for tests used to differentiate between groups such as masters and nonmasters. One promising index is the proportion of students in a class that are consistently assigned to the same mastery group across two testings. The present paper proposes a single test administration…

Presents an activity related to probability in order to answer a question based on the English football league. The question is "What is the probability that the FA Cup Final will be between the same two teams that played in the previous tournament?". (ASK)

Presents a mathematical definition of the probability-weighted amount of information (PWI), a measure of term specificity in documents that is based on an information-theoretic view of retrieval events. Corresponds with the term frequency-inverse document frequency (tf-idf) measures that are used in information retrieval systems. (Author/LRW)

Neural network models and more conventional statistics were used to study the use of sequential phonological probabilities in the segmentation of a phonological transcription of conversational English that might allow the infant to bootstrap into a series of increasingly sophisticated segmentation competencies. Results are interpreted in the…

Discusses the use of hyperlinks for improving information retrieval on the World Wide Web and proposes a general model for using hyperlinks based on Probabilistic Argumentation Systems. Topics include propositional logic, knowledge, and uncertainty; assumptions; using hyperlinks to modify document score and rank; and estimating the popularity of a…

Presents an activity in which students investigate geometric probability at a school fair. (YDS)

Uses game theory to help practitioners make decisions about educational games, simulations, or workshops whose outcomes depend to some extent on chance. Highlights include principles for making decisions involving risk; elementary laws of probability; utility theory; and principles for making decisions involving uncertainty. (eight references)…