Emotional responses and coping behavior in children (eight boys and eight girls in each of three age groups: 6 to 12 months, 18 to 36 months, and 42 to 60 months) were observed during pediatric examinations. Results showed the effect of age and time period (before, during, or following the examination) on children's levels of negative emotion. (MP)

Mothers in one sample were interviewed when children were 1.5, 2, and 2.5 years old, while mothers in the other sample answered questionnaires when their children were 3.5, 5, and 7 years old. Strong emotional attachment to objects and finger-sucking were most prevalent around 2 years of age. (MP)

Reports analyses by topical cycle and group meeting of nine videotaped group discussions to extend Bales and Strodtbeck's often cited phase research. The analysis by group meeting suggesting an underlying motivational structure for phase progression, offers support of a three-phase hypothesis. (Author)

Surveyed 100 nondrinking adolescents utilizing a behavior analysis questionnaire designed to assess influences on learning not to drink. Results suggest that parents who did not drink had a strong influence. Effective modes of self-control were also discovered; teenagers revealed assertiveness skills in saying "no" to peer pressures. (Author/JAC)

Presents an overview of the development of motivational thought in the study of exploratory behavior and curiosity. Traces the way in which concepts of curiosity were considered from the perspectives of instinct and drive-reduction theories to the more recent notions of optimal stimulation. (Author)

Examined kinds of power strategies used by masculine, feminine, androgynous, and undifferentiated people in their intimate relationships. Androgynous people reported using primarily bilateral strategies, such as persuasion. Undifferentiated people reported using primarily unilateral strategies, such as doing what they wanted, regardless of their…

Surveyed college women and men and found that caffeine was consumed by a large proportion of the respondents. Women consumed a larger amount of caffeine and used more substances containing this drug. An increase in caffeine usage with increased psychic stress was observed for women only. (Author)

Investigated the empirical derivation of clinically and theoretically meaningful subtypes among males arrested for driving while intoxicated. Five subtypes were defined through cluster analysis of driving--attitudinal, personality, and hostility measures. Two subtypes were found to have particularly high levels of risk-enhancing traits. (Author)

Studied prevalence of Type A behavior of female professionals, nonprofessionals, homemakers and students. Professionals had significantly higher scores than homemakers on Type A, Job Involvement, Speed and Impatience, and Hard-Driving and Competitive scales of the Jenkins Activity Survey. Type A behavior was not related to family history. (Author)

Attempts to replicate research on the activity theory of aging. Behaviorally based activity scales were drawn from daily activity inventories of residents of three retirement communities. Findings support the activity theory. Informal activities had the most positive affect on respondents' life satisfaction. (Author/JAC)

Teacher ratings and observational data were gathered on 22 pairs of learning disabled (LD) and non-LD children in the second and fourth grades in an effort to compare their task-oriented, social, and affective behavior patterns in regular class settings. (Author)

Analyzed temporal variables (counselor talk, caller talk, and silence) in a sample of taped calls to a suicide prevention and crisis service. In comparing three outcome groups (showing, not showing, or canceling subsequent appointment for face-to-face counseling), no-show calls had more silence than the other two groups. (Author)

Identified five sources of death anxiety. Significant relationships were observed between each source and experimental factors. The relationship between death anxiety and attitude toward voluntary passive euthanasia was explored, and a significant correlation was noted among elderly persons. Results were consistent with an idiographic orientation…

Tested assumptions about behavioral cues that clients use to infer what helpers intend. Questions and acknowledgments were best predictors of client perceptions. Guiding was perceived more often than advisement actually occurred. Intention of communicating understanding of message shifted from reflection in the analogue to acknowledgment in the…

Investigated behavioral correlates of the 2-7-8 code type in students attending a university mental health clinic. Sex differences in interpretive correlates were also investigated. Males demonstrated neurotic and psychotic characteristics, similar to previously described descriptions. Females appeared more neurotic, not typical of previously…