RELATIONSHIPS AMONG SELF-CONCEPTS, ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT, INTELLIGENCE, INTERESTS, AND MANIFEST ANXIETIES WERE STUDIED. MEASURES FOR THESE VARIABLES WERE OBTAINED FROM A SAMPLE OF FOURTH- AND SIXTH-GRADE NEGRO STUDENTS. THE MEASURES OBTAINED WERE THEN MATCHED WITH SIMILAR FINDINGS FOR WHITE CHILDREN REPORTED BY BLEDSOE AND GARRISON (CRP-1008).…

In a study of individual differences in long-term memory access, university undergraduates verified (1) whether an item was a member of a category; (2) whether two items belonged in the same category; and (3) whether two words had the same name. Reaction times from these tasks were correlated with verbal ability, as measured by performance on a…

In addressing the question of whether learner control of instruction can accommodate individual differences, this paper discusses some characteristics of learner control, including those conditions of learning which the student can control and those imposed by society and its institutions which are not under individual control. Studies of attempts…

VARIOUS ASPECTS OF THE PALO ALTO GUIDANCE PROGRAM WERE PRESENTED AT THE CONFERENCE. THE OBJECTIVES OF THE PROGRAM WERE BASED ON THE BELIEF THAT GUIDANCE SHOULD FOSTER INDIVIDUALIZATION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ALL CHILDREN BY PROVIDING CONDITIONS WHICH WOULD ENSURE THIS INDIVIDUALIZATION. THESE TWO THEORETICAL CONSTRUCTS, REINFORCEMENT THEORY AND…

Changes in manipulative play with objects were examined in a longitudinal sample of 10 boys and 9 girls tested at ages 9, 13, and 18 months. Stability of individual differences in play was also examined. Each child was observed individually for 7 minutes in a room in which a tea set was the only toy present. Seven types of play behavior were…

This study sought to refine the concept "procedures" in small group communication. Two categories with eight corresponding properties were delineated and incorporated into a Likert-type scale designed to assess a person's preference for procedural order in task-oriented groups. The instrument was checked for reliability and then…

A conceptual framework for instructional design is introduced which includes three major components: task analysis (involving dimensions such as objectives, skills, and subject matter structure), learner analysis (concerned with variables such as age, population, and group characteristics), and means analysis (involving the selection of…

This report reviews and synthesizes psychological and educational research on learning strategies. The report contains an overview of strategy modification; a review of factors influencing strategy selection and use (including intellectual aptitude, personality variables, cognitive style, reception preference, motivation, sex, and prior…

The study deals with the motivational characteristics which relate to divergent thinking and tests three hypotheses: no significant difference with regard to their fluency, flexibility, originality or combined divergent thinking scores exists between children with (1) high and low need for approval, (2) high and low anxiety, and (3) approval needs…

This is a report of the progress of Human Resources Research Office (HumRRO) activities associated with Project 100,000, the training of marginal personnel. Preliminary findings are described, including certain background information concerning Project personnel. Training factors, learning ability, literacy requirements, and on-the-job…

The Association for Educational Communications and Technology (AECT) takes the position that the definition of educational technology should be a broad one, involving the use of a systematic approach to develop a broad range of learning resources to meet the needs of individual learners. In order to translate these three concepts into reality,…

This study was prompted by an interest in the outcomes of automobile workers as they changed from the role of workers to retirees some having participated in voluntary company sponsored preretirement education programs and other deciding not to participate. More specifically, an attempt was made to identify differences between participants and…

This study investigated the progressive development in movement and movement patterns of children ages 2-6. Data were collected over a 3-year period at six-month intervals, based on films of 57 children performing 25 motor tasks. The results are presented along two dimensions: (1) Descriptive analysis of progress of young children in movement with…

Subjective (perceived) personality differences between blacks and whites were investigated in eleven personality dimensions. Subjects were forty black male and forty white male students from the ninth to twelfth grades. Subjects were assigned to one of two racial conditions corresponding to the subjects' own race; subjects were then randomly…

The author reports research documenting the tendency for actors to attribute their own behavior to external causes while observers attributed the same behaviors to the internal disposition of the actor. Psychologists, like other observers of behavior, may have a bias toward attributing an actor's behavior to internal causes, and their inferences…