Learning style is a factor researchers claim influences student educational performance. This article summarizes information about student learning styles. The idea of learning styles is based on the theory that there are different methods of gathering, organizing, and evaluating information. Research has not produced conclusive evidence about…

The primary goal of this discussion is to summarize research on the role of expertise in accounting for individual differences in analogical problem solving among college students. The discussion also relates expertise differences to current theorizing in the developmental literature that concerns analogical reasoning in children. Contents focus…

Parent training has been successfully used in the treatment of a wide variety of childhood disorders, but interpretation of the literature has been plagued by the large number of families who discontinue treatment prematurely. To compare parents who discontinued treatment with those who completed parent training, 39 families with externalizing…

Results support the general conclusion that the disposition to respond in either a reflective or impulsive fashion influences the problem-solving efficiency and strategy behavior of elementary school children. The relative impact of cognitive style on problem solving varied with developmental level and the type of problem solved. (Author/BJG)

Investigates whether apostate students would be more likely than religious believers to express radical ideology in an open ended, free response questionnaire context. (Author/DEP)

A comparative analysis is made of the social characteristics of Vietnam veterans and World War II veterans. By use of the Interpersonal Style Inventory, the results showed that the Vietnam veterans were more rebellious, radical, and expedient than older veterans. (DEP)

The activity level of preschool boys relative to preschool girls was observed to find whether a sex-linked pattern of hyperactivity is observable in the general population. Boys were found to be more active than girls, with patterns similar to those included in definitions of hyperactivity. (GO)

The theory of work adjustment is extended to include description of the work adjustment process in terms of the concepts of work personality style and work environment style. The work personality style dimensions are described conceptually, and examples of data for their assessment are given. (Author)

Interrelationships between patterns of drug abuse and personality and motivation were determined for male and female subjects. Significant sex differences were found with respect to drug behavior. Females used amphetamines more frequently than males and also showed greater multiple drug use. (Author)

A content analysis system was developed to examine the frequency of themes for 359 secrets obtained through an encounter group exercise. Sex-related secrets occurred most often, followed by failure-related secrets. Secrets relating to sex, mental health, and violence or destruction were perceived as the most risky statements. (Author)

Because differences among students in modes of thinking bear directly on teaching methods, the author presented some research that has been done on individual differences in thinking modalities and considered its relevance to teaching. (Author/RK)

Because most studies investigating psychological profiles of subjects convicted of driving under the influence of alcohol (DUI) have been conducted at the time of arrest or treatment, it is unclear whether subjects' anxiety, depression, and hostility represent "trait" characteristics central to alcohol abuse or "state"…

Comparisons between individuals who attempt suicide and those who complete suicide have shown that the two groups are not necessarily from the same population. Similar comparisons have not been reported between attempters and individuals who voice thoughts of suicide but make no overt attempt (ideators). Since therapists are commonly required to…

The Guilford-Zimmerman Temperament Survey (GZTS) has been described as one of the most widely used tests in marriage counseling. The GZTS was administered to 61 couples when they entered marriage counseling between 1980 and 1985. When counseling ended, couples were divided into three groups--married and together after counseling (MT); married but…

The present study examined longitudinally the origin of a prior finding that mothers who perceived their infant's temperament as either "easy" or "difficult" exhibited a differential psychophysiological response pattern. Additionally examined were the pattern's behavioral correlates and relation to infant-mother attachment.…