The data presented in this report call attention to inappropriate use of the Eigenroot criterion in factor work, a practice which has probably grown out of a theoretical focus on determining basic laws of behavior, rather than a practical emphasis on providing information that will be useful to college instructors and administrators. When…

This book is designed to improve one's listening skills. Listening is behavior governed by the same principles that govern all behavior. The total constellation of factors influencing such complex behaviors that often arise in the speaking-listening situation involve several levels and types of learning. Any attempt to understand auditors must be…

In the first section of this paper, the author analyzes concepts and theoretical issues found to be significant for the topics of investigation but neither sufficiently explicated nor fully incorporated into the studies to be described later. It is felt that much further work needs to be done in order to achieve such goals. In the second section,…

How can a person be induced to do something he might not ordinarily do? What constitutes a commitment on his part of some future action? Past research indicates that compliance with a small, relatively innocuous "foot-in-the-door" request serves to increase, relative to a control group, subsequent compliance with a larger request directed toward…

All forms of play are transformations of four basic modes by which people know the world: copying, analysis, prediction, and synthesis. Transformation involves foregoing the usual outcomes of adapted intelligence for the sake of voluntary control of one's own behavior in games, and for the excitement of novel affective, cognitive and behavioral…

Analyses of self-disclosure behavior under multiple conditions of social isolation and confinement replicated earlier findings and generally confirmed hypotheses derived from social penetration theory. Major findings link self-disclosure to environmental parameters and interpersonal friction. In the Privacy without Stimulation condition, Ss…

Three separate laboratory studies were conducted to determine the conditions under which a person reciprocates a past favor and retaliates a past harm. The first study utilized the framework of equity theory (Adams, 1965) and predicted that when faced with inequity due to the generosity or stinginess of another, one means of reducing the inequity…

Five questionnaires were administered to a group of subjects on two separate occasions. The principal concerns were the following: (1) to find evidence for the existence of stable (i.e., over testings) circular triads, (2) To investigate the appropriateness of the additive difference model, if such stable circularities are found, and (3) If such…

Discusses the practice of maintaining separation between the experimenter and the subjects during scientific experiments and suggests that the dialectical interdependence between them is the very basis upon which psychological inquiries should rest. Some practical and theoretical remedies are explored. (JMB)

Briefly reviews the contributions of several psychological researchers whose work represents four major approaches to organizational research, focusing primarily on the organizational theories of Bion, Miller and Rice, and Levinson. (JG)

The article summarizes the ten recommendations of the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research regarding ethical considerations involved in using children as experimental subjects. Journal availability: see EC 111 045. (DLS)

Assuming that McLeish's (CJE, v.1, n.4, 1976) preference for the Skinnerian variant of behaviorism is a correct scientific approach the author criticizes an implicit assumption of his research, i.e., whether or not behaviorism is under siege. (Author/RK)

Attempts to show that many early adolescent behaviors which adults attribute to bad motives, derive instead from intellectual immaturity as described by Piaget. The apparent hypocrisy of adolescents is often a failure to distinguish between the expression of an ideal and its pragmatic realization. Piaget helps shift a whole new set of behaviors…

A study of the frequency of looking both ways before crossing a street revealed that both males and females tend to look both ways more often when accompanied by juveniles than when alone, and that when males and females are together, males look both ways more often than do females. (Author/MA)